Induksi Mutasi Genetik Melalui Penggandaan Kromosom Kedelai(Glycine Max L. Merr) Varietas Wilis dan Tanggamus dengan Kolkisin Secara In Vitro

Abstract

The research aimed to study the in vitro genetic mutation induction through chromosome doubling of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) using colchicine. This research was conducted from January 2011 to October 2011 at Biotechnology and Micro Technique Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB, Bogor. The research was used factorial design which arranged with Completely Randomized Block Design, consisted of 2 experiments. The first experiment was consist of 2 factors, concentrations of colchicine (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05%) and the long immersion with colchicine (24, 48, and 72 hours). The second experiment was consist of 2 factors, varieties of Glycine max L. Merr (Wilis and Tanggamus), concentrations of colchicine (0.02, 0.04, and 0.05%). The first experiment showed that consentrations of colchicine (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05%) were significantly affected to induce percentage of callus from cotyledon on modified MS medium containing 10 mg 2,4-D. The second experiment showed that the consentrations of colchicine (0.02, 0.04 and 0.05%) were significantly affected to several variables (percentage of explant’s life, the number of shoot, percentage of rooting, the number of chromosome, the number of stomata, the number of chloroplast, and the size of stomata). With a concentration of 0.04% colchicine wasproducedthe highest yield number of chromosomes 2n=160-247 than normal chromosomes 2n=40 of both varieties of soybean