Induksi Embrio Somatik Durian (Durio zibethinus) pada Beberapa Media yang Dilengkapi Dengan Auksin dan Sitokinin

Abstract

Durianis one ofIndonesia's mainfruit commodities that have high economic value. In vitro propagation by somatic embryogenesis can be used asan alternative way to provide propagule. Somaticembryos can beused for production of clonal rootstock and for biotechnology-based crop improvement. This research consists of three experiments and used mature zygotic embryoas explants. First experiment is callusinduction thatused combinationof media (Murashige and Skoog (MS), Woody Plant Medium (WPM) and B5) and picloram(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ppm). Second experiment is callus proliferation and induction of embryo geniccallus that used several different media: media of previous stage and MS+BAP1 ppm + picloram (3,4 and5 ppm). Third experiment is maturation of somatic embryos used MS medium that had been added with auxins (NAA 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm or Picloram 0,4, 8 and 12 ppm) and cytokinins (BAP 0, 1 dan 2 ppm). Protocol somatic embryogenesis of durian used mature zygotic embryo explantsis : calli induced in MS medium+ Picloram 1 ppm aftertwo months at culture. Callus proliferation and induction of embryogenic callus in MS medium + BAP 1 ppm + picloram 3 ppmoccur at 3-4 months after subculturing. Induction of embrio somatic in MS medium + BAP 2 ppm + NAA 1 ppm occur one month after subculturing.