Optimasi Produksi Lipase Aktinomiset Endofit Asal Tanaman Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.)

Abstract

Endophytic actinomycetes originated from jati belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) have been isolated and proven to have lipase activity. Optimization of lipase production from endophytic actinomycetes has not been studied, while its scientific information is required for further potential development. The purpose of this study was to optimize the production of lipase from endophytic actinomycetes originated from jati belanda plant. Both AJB 4(1) and AJB 4(4) were grown in Yeast Starch Agar (YSA) and Oatmeal Agar (OA) media. Both isolates were then grown on YSA media containing 3% olive oil and 2 ml of 0.1% dye Rhodamine B and then assayed for lipase activity. The first optimization was conducted for endophytic actinomycetes biomass production in response to temperature and time of incubation. The second optimization was done to examine three kinds of substrates, e.g. extra virgin oil, olive oil, and palm oil. Characterization of lipase activity was done by examining the effect of adding lipase activator and inhibitor compounds. AJB isolates 4(4) showed a lipase activity based on fluorescent orange zone that was produced on media Rhodamine B. AJB 4(4) produced the greatest biomass (0.3757 g) at 15 days of incubation at room temperature (25oC-28oC). Meanwhile, the highest specific lipase activity (4.743 units/mg) was obtained using extra virgin oil as substrate after 15 days incubation at room temperature compared with the result obtained using olive oil and palm oil substrate (1.059 units/mg and 2.329 units/mg). The addition of Na+ ions and Zn2+ at 1 mM and 5 mM repectively could increase lipase activity. This study provides information that optimization can increase the lipase activity by 3- fold.

Aktinomiset endofit asal tanaman jati belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) berhasil diisolasi dan terbukti memiliki aktivitas lipase. Optimasi produksi lipase aktinomiset endofit belum dikaji, sedangkan informasi ilmiah tersebut diperlukan untuk pengembangan potensinya lebih lanjut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengoptimasi cara produksi lipase aktinomiset endofit asal tanaman jati belanda. Kedua isolat AJB 4(1) dan AJB 4(4) diremajakan pada media Yeast Starch Agar (YSA) dan Oatmeal Agar (OA). Kedua isolat dilakukan esei aktivitas lipase pada media YSA yang mengandung 3% minyak zaitun dan 2 mL 0.1% pewarna Rhodamine B. Optimasi pertama dilakukan terhadap biomassa aktinomiset endofit terhadap suhu dan waktu inkubasi. Optimasi kedua dilakukan terhadap 3 macam substrat, yaitu extra virgin oil, minyak zaitun, dan palm oil serta dilakukan karakterisasi lipase dengan menambahkan senyawa aktivator dan inhibitor. Isolat AJB 4(4) memiliki aktivitas lipase berdasarkan zona berpendar orange yang dihasilkan pada media Rhodamine B. Biomassa isolat AJB 4(4) terbesar yaitu sebesar 0.3757 g didapat pada waktu inkubasi 15 hari pada suhu ruang (25oC-28oC). Pengukuran aktivitas spesifik menggunakan substrat extra virgin oil pada inkubasi 15 hari dan suhu ruang menunjukkan hasil terbesar yaitu 4.7428 unit/mg dibandingkan substrat minyak zaitun dan palm oil sebesar 1.059 unit/mg dan 2.329 unit/mg. Hasil karakterisasi aktivitas lipase menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ion Na+ dan Zn2+ sebesar 1 mM serta 5 mM dapat meningkatkan aktivitasnya. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi bahwa optimasi produksi lipase dapat meningkatkan aktivitas lipase hingga 3 kali lipat.