Pengembangan perikanan tangkap berbasis komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Halmahera Utara

Abstract

This research is to examine the excellent commodities of fishery production, and the policies in capture fishing production in order to increase the income of fishermen. To determine the excellent commodities, the following analyses were made: (1) production continuity, average production, prices, processing and marketing, (2) Location Quotient (LQ) analysis and (3) SWOT Analysis. The results showed that of 38 species of fish that were analyzed, 31 species were of a continuous type and 7 species of non-continuous type. The average fish production is below the average production of all types of fish except for skipjack of 11,131.472 tons and flyingfish of 4405.296 tons per year. The price of beronang, kerapu, lencam, kakap and kurisi, are higher than the average price. The fish products marketed in the local market/overseas are for example kerapu, cakalang and tuna. Fish products are always marketed in fresh form. Only julung-julung fish is marketed after it is processed. Three kinds of fish are also exported, they are kerapu, cakalang and tuna. The results of LQ calculation show that there are 12 species of fish with value of LQ>1, namely: kuweh fish, kerapu, kerong-kerong, teri, tembang, julung-julung, tongkol, lemadang, cakalang, mackerel tuna and cucut. Based on the scoring analysis of commodities in terms of production continuity, production, pricing, processing, and marketing associated with the value of LQ, six kinds of fishes as excellent commodities in North Halmahera Regency are cakalang, kerapu, anchovies, julung-julung, tuna, and tongkol. Flyingfish has the value of LQ <1, so it can not be recommended as an excellent fish species. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, there are six government policies of North Halmahera Regency related to the development of capture fisheries, increasing fishing fleet is a top priority followed by the development in the processing of captured fish. Both policies are closely related to labor absorption and economic improvement.