Analisis Pengembangan Usaha Mikro dalam Mendukung Pemberdayaan Perempuan di Pulau Bunaken, Kota Manado, Sulawesi Utara

Abstract

Women of the small island are potentially subjected of human resources whom their existences in the society is not awared and have not been potentially developed. Meanwhile, these women share the same rights and duties as well those of men for providing and improving the family incomes. Beside that, the other important thing of the small island assets is the natural resources which can be accounted by the inhabitants/local people as resources to make ends meat, yet these potential resources have not been optimally used. Therefore, it is necessary to develop some study related to women empowerment in micro business development of the small island based on natural resources. The aims of study are follows: (1) to identify any micro business products based on human and natural resources which able to support the women empowerment especially in the small island, (2) to identify any micro business development based on local potential resources which able to support the women empowerment of the small island, (3) to analyze micro business pattern which able to support the women empowerment of the small island. Purposive sampling method was applied to the women small island population, and the data collection used direct and open questionaries from the business women of Bunaken Island. In addition to, in order to collect perceptive data of experties on the locally based micro business development of women empowerment in the small island, direct and open questionaries also apllied to the government and non-government agencies. By using multi criteria analysis (MCA) the products identification and promoting types of micro business based on potential human and natural resources were analyzed. While to analyze the micro business development pattern for women empowerment on the small island, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and software expert choice 9.5 were used. Based on the potential human and natural resources three different micro business products of the Bunaken Island were formed, they are traditional handycraft, cloth printing, and food processing micro businesses, while the promoting types of micro business are self-ownership micro business, grouped-ownership micro business and joint-ownership micro business. On the other hand, the priority pattern of the micro business development of the Bunaken Island based on the AHP method and software expert choice 9.5 used were performed, they were increasing/improving the family economy (0.461), women labor (0.279), sustainable micro business (0.180) and improving the local budget income (0.079). In order to perform analyzing based of micro business development pattern, the study was made on many aspects which related to the development of micro business, such as economics, social, environment and technology. The local economic condition of the Bunaken Island was considered to be middle-under class, therefore, the local income needs to be increased by improving the products qualities. This quality improvement of the products could be achieved by training in management and techniques and improving the environment conservation which is needed to maintain sustainable raw natural resources as their sources of business products. If the four aspects as mentioned were sinergically worked, presumably the improvement of micro business in Bunaken Island could be achieved, therefore, these women roled in the micro business would be able to improve their family incomes.