Biokonversi CPO dengan desaturase amobil sistem kontinu pada skala semipilot untuk produksi minyak mengandung GLA

Abstract

Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) is a polyun¬saturated fatty acid having high economic value as healthy oil. Research at laboratory scale showed that Absidia corymbifera and Rhiwpus sp. fungi have the ability to increase unsaturation level of crude palm oil (CPO) and GLA formation through enzymatic bioconversian. Stability of desaturase enzyme, especially Δ6 and Δ12 having significant role in this process could be enhanced by applying immobilization technique. The current research objective aas to determine optimum process of CPO bioconversian using immobilized desaturase enzyme using continuous system at semipilot scale to produce CPO containing GLA Crude desaturase enzyme of A corymbifera biamasswas immobilized with zeolite particles and used for optimization of CPO bioconversian in continuous system at semipilot scale (15.000 mL per day). Optimization of bioconversian conditions included flow rule oj substrate, size of zeolite for immobilization, and enzyme stability (hiring process. The result showed that desaturase immobilized in small size par ticles of zeolite (I-3 mm) gave higher increase unsaturation level with average desaturase activity of 784 V. compared to that immobilized in larger zeolite parficles (8-10 mm), which reached average desaturase activity of 4.67 U. However, the use d small zeolite particles often caused plugging substrate flow. The activity cf immobilized desaturase in continuous system was stable for 9¬18 hours. Optimum flow rate of substrate using small zeolite particles (1-3 mm) was 850 mJJmin, while that of using larger zeolite particles (8¬10 mm) was 875 mL/min. The byconversion of CPO at optimum condition yielding 1.58% (w/w) GLA from initial concentration of Unolenic acid 0.29%.