Kultur Antera untuk Mendukung Program Pemuliaan Tanaman Padi

Abstract

The Objectives of rice breeding program in Indonesia is to obtain high yielding varieties, tolera~t, resistant to abiotic and biotic stress and appropriate to planting system in specific area. To accelerate the obtamment of the varieties, a combination of conventional and no conventional breeding method can be used. One alternative procedure is anther culture. Doubled haploid lines can be obtained through cholchicine treatment or rattooning of haploid plants. Plants with high heterozygositas( FI or F2) can be used as anther source to abtain genetic variability of.doubled i 1 haploidp lants. High degreeo f homozigousi~tya nb e obtaineda t the~ rst (DHO)g enerationo f d~ubledh aploidp lants , less than on year. Evaluation of agronomic characters follows m DHI and DH2 generations. Compared to conventionalm ethods,t he useo f anther culture in rice breedingp rogram hass everala dvantagesin cluding efficiencyo f selection process, reduction of cost. time and labor. Effort to optimize anther culture method and its rize in rice breeding program in Indonesia is discussed