Kemiripan Genetika Tiga Populasi Kelapa Tipe dalam Berdasarkan Tiga Metode Analisis Data Penanda RAPD

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyse genetic similarity of Banyuwangi Tall (DBG), Lubuk Pakam Tall (DLP), and Paslaten Tall @PN) coconut populations based on RAPD marker data using cluster analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling, and principal components analysis. DNA of coconut leaves was amplified using ten random decamer primers (OPA, OPB, & OPC; Operon Alameda Technologies, Alameda, California) in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine, and generated 80% RAPD polymorphic markers from total 113 amplification products, with fragment size ranged from 250 bp to 3000 bp. Based on cluster analysis, tall coconut trees from each population grouped within their populations at more than 70% genetic similarity and separated from other tall coconut populations. Overall, genetic similarity of tall coconut populations analyud was 62%. Non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that coconut populations of DLP and DPN were scattered in the same pool, while in the opposite pool was DBG. Principal component analysis showed two significant principal componenta (PCs) that explained 33% variability of original data. Those two PCs identified 32 significantRAPD markers, and each coconut tree population clustered within their groups separately. Our results indicated that OPA-18,,, DNA band generated during a PCR, could be used as a specific marker for DLP, while OPA-lo,, and OPC-OS,,,, were specific for DBG.