Kriopreservasi Sel Spermatozoa

Abstract

Cryopreservation of sperm is a procedure for storaging the suspension of sperm at temperature colder than 00C. The basic principle of cryopreservation is the movement of water across cell membranes, both to dehydrate cells prior to freezing and to rehydrate them at thawing. There are two major phenomenons during cryopreservation of sperm i.e., cold shock and the formation of ice crystals. Cryopreservation also makes sperm susceptible to damage from peroxidation. Besides that, there are anti-freezing factors in the seminal plasma (e.g., egg-yolk coagulating and triglycerol lipase enzyme, and antimotility factor) which adversely damage of intracelluler organelles, decrease the motility and metabolism processes, but increase the process of removing several enzymes out from the cell. In order to minimize cryoinjury in spermatozoa, it is necessary to consider many factors i.e., use of proper diluent media, types and doses of cryoprotectant, types and doses of antioxidant, doses of egg-yolk and remove anti-freezing factors in the seminal plasma.