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      Regenerasi Cakram dan Poliploidisasi In Vitro Bawang Putih Lokal Varietas Lumbu Hijau

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      taqiyya, Ahya hanan
      Purwito, Agus
      Kosmiatin, Mia
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      Abstract
      Bawang putih lokal memiliki rasa dan aroma yang lebih kuat dari bawang impor, namun ukuran dan produktivitasnya rendah sehingga diperlukan upaya peningkatan kualitas umbinya, salah satunya melalui poliploidisasi. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi metode sterilisasi, formulasi media regenerasi, dan metode poliploidisasi menggunakan kolkisin teknis pada bawang putih varietas Lumbu Hijau. Percobaan dilakukan bertahap: percobaan pertama menguji metode sterilisasi dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor untuk menguji kombinasi sterilisasi antara alkohol 96% dengan pembakaran eksplan terhadap keberhasilan sterilisasi; percobaan kedua menentukan formulasi media regenerasi siung dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor untuk menguji variasi sitokinin (BA dan kinetin) dengan konsentrasi (1,5 dan 2 mg L-1); percobaan ketiga adalah induksi poliploid dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor untuk menguji kombinasi antara konsentrasi kolkisin (50 dan 100 ppm) dan lama perendaman (24 dan 48 jam). Parameter pengamatan meliputi viabilitas eksplan; pertumbuhan tunas; serta karakter stomata dan bobot umbi mikro hasil poliploidisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman eksplan dalam alkohol 96% selama 3 menit tanpa pembakaran efektif menekan kontaminasi dengan viabilitas tinggi. Media dengan kinetin 1,5 mg L-1 memiliki rataan jumlah tunas dan panjang daun tertinggi. Perlakuan kolkisin 50 ppm selama 48 jam menghasilkan karakter poliploid berupa ukuran stomata terbesar dan kerapatan terendah.
       
      Local garlic has stronger taste and aroma than imported garlic, but its size and productivity are low, so efforts are needed to improve the quality of bulbs, one of which is through polyploidization. The study aims to evaluate sterilization methods, regeneration media formulations, and polyploidization methods using technical colchicine in garlic Lumbu Hijau varieties. Three experiments were conducted in stages: the first experiment tested sterilization methods using a completely randomized design with one factor to test the combination of sterilization with 96% alcohol and explant flaming on the sterilization success; the second experiment determined the formulation of clove regeneration medium using a completely randomized design with one factor to test the variation of cytokinin (BA and kinetin) with concentrations (1.5 and 2 mg L-1); the third experiment was polyploid induction using a completely randomized design with two factors to test the combination of colchicine concentration (50 and 100 ppm) and immersion time (24 and 48 hours). The Observations parameters included explant viability, shoot growth, and stomatal characteristics and microtuber weight resulting from polyploidization. The results showed that immersing the explants in 96% alcohol for 3 minutes without flaming effectively suppressed contamination with high viability. Media with 1.5 mg L-1 kinetin had the highest average number of shoots and leaf length. Treatment with 50 ppm colchicine for 48 hours produced polyploid characters in the form of the largest stomatal size and lowest density.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172956
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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