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      Evaluasi Karakter Morfo-Agronomi Tanaman Talas S28 (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum) Hasil Mutasi Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Asal In Vitro

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Jamil, Hasby Nurunijan
      Dinarti, Diny
      Marwiyah, Siti
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      Abstract
      Tanaman talas S28 termasuk jenis eddoe yang tergolong sebagai minor crops, sehingga memerlukan perbaikan genetik untuk karakter agronomi dan komponen hasil. Talas juga umumnya diperbanyak secara vegetatif. Salah satu metode yang dapat diterapkan adalah induksi mutasi sinar gamma. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi karakter morfo-agronomi tanaman talas S28 hasil mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma asal in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2024 sampai Juli 2025 di screen house Kebun Percobaan Cikarawang dan Laboratorium Biologi dan Biofisika Benih, IPB, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Bahan genetik yang digunakan adalah planlet talas S28 generasi MV1 dan MV2 dari dosis iradiasi sinar gamma 0 Gy, 5 Gy, 7,5 Gy, 10 Gy, 12,5 Gy, 17,5 Gy, dan 27,5 Gy. Perlakuan sinar gamma dosis rendah (5 Gy) cenderung meningkatkan komponen pertumbuhan vegetatif, sedangkan dosis tinggi (7,5 – 27,5 Gy) cenderung menekan karakter pertumbuhan vegetatif pada MV1 dan MV2. Perlakuan sinar gamma juga cenderung menurunkan komponen hasil pada MV1 dan MV2. Perlakuan sinar gamma pada MV1 dan MV2 berpengaruh terhadap perubahan bentuk daun yang berbentuk entire (permukaan), petiol yang berwarna grey-brown, dan cormus yang berbentuk conical. Perubahan pada MV2 juga terjadi pada bentuk tepi ujung daun yang berbentuk rounded. Nilai heritabilitas menunjukkan kategori rendah–sedang, sedangkan nilai KKG menunjukkan kategori sedang–luas.
       
      Taro S28 plants are classified as minor crops and propagated vegetatively, so genetic improvement is necessary to obtain superior cultivars. One method of genetic improvement that can be used is mutation induction through gamma rays. The study aimed to evaluate the variability of morpho-agronomic characteristics of taro S28 mutans from in vitro gamma ray irradiation. The study was conducted from December 2024 to July 2025 at the Cikarawang Experimental Farm and Laboratory of Seed Biology and Biophysics, IPB, Bogor. The genetic material used was S28 taro planlets that had been irradiated with gamma rays at different doses (0, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 17.5, and 27.5 Gy). Low-dose gamma radiation treatment in MV1 and MV2 (5 Gy) tended to increase vegetative growth components, while high doses (7.5–27.5 Gy) tended to suppress it. Gamma ray irradiation treatment in MV1 and MV2 tended to reduce yield components. In terms of plant morphology in MV1 and MV2, gamma ray irradiation treatment affected changes in leaf, which becomes entire (surface), petioles color (grey-brown), and cormus shape (conical). Changes in MV2 also occured in the leaf’s apex which become rounded. The heritability indicates moderate - low category, while the KKG indicates broad - moderate category.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172936
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7636]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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