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      Optimasi Pinout ESP32 Menggunakan Shift Register 74HC165N Pada Sistem Penghitung Multi-Lorong Lebah Madu Apis cerana

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Febriyana, Haliza Putri Adilah
      Rustami, Erus
      Zuhri, Mahfuddin
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      Abstract
      Pemantauan aktivitas keluar-masuk lebah Apis cerana diperlukan untuk memahami dinamika koloni, namun metode manual kurang efisien untuk pengamatan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem penghitung berbasis sensor infrared (IR) reflectance QRD1114 ganda dan shift register 74HC165N tipe Parallel-In Serial-Out (PISO) untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan pin mikrokontroler ESP32 pada sistem multi- lorong dengan dimensi lorong uji 20 x 15 x 10 mm. Deteksi keberadaan lebah dilakukan berdasarkan fenomena pantulan cahaya inframerah, dimana sensor menghasilkan tegangan sebesar 0,14V saat lebah terdeteksi dan 2,8V saat tidak ada lebah, sedangkan arah gerak lebah ditentukan berdasarkan urutan aktivasi dua sensor pada tiap lorong. Keluaran empat sensor dibaca oleh shift register, dikonversi menjadi data berbentuk byte, dan dikirimkan ke ESP32. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mendeteksi dan menghitung aktivitas lebah secara simultan dan konsisten serta menghasilkan data bertanda waktu yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk pemantauan jangka panjang.
       
      Monitoring the in and out activity of Apis cerana bees is necessary to understand the dynamics of the colony; however, manual methods are inefficient for long-term monitoring. This study developed a counting system based on dual infrared (IR) reflectance QRD1114 sensors and a 74HC165N Parallel-In Serial-Out (PISO) shift register to optimize the usage of ESP32 pins in a multi-lane system with 20 x 15 x 10 mm test lane. Bee detection relies on the infrared reflectance phenomenon, where the sensor outputs 0.14V when a bee is detected and 2.8V when there are no bee, while the movement direction is determined from the activation sequence of two sensors in each lane. Outputs from four sensors are read simultaneously, converted into byte-form data, and processed by ESP32. The results show that the system can consistently and simultaneously count honey bee in a multi- lane setup and generate time-stamped data suitable for long-term monitoring.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172474
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      • UT - Physics [1242]

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