Kelimpahan Gastropoda pada Ekosistem Mangrove Pulau Panjang, Banten

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan habitat penting bagi berbagai jenis gastropoda yang keberadaannya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan kelimpahan gastropoda serta hubungan antara karakteristik sedimen dan distribusi gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Pulau Panjang, Banten. Penelitian dilakukan pada tiga stasiun pengamatan dengan karakteristik sedimen yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan enam famili gastropoda yang terdiri atas delapan spesies, yaitu famili Potamididae (Terebralia palustris dan Terebralia sulcata), Muricidae (Chicoreus capucinus), Littorinidae (Littoraria articulata), Ellobiidae (Cassidula nucleus dan Cassidula plecotrematoides), Neritidae (Nerita violacea), dan Cerithiidae (Cerithidea bifasciata). Spesies dengan kelimpahan tertinggi adalah T. palustris yang ditemukan dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 1,578 ind/m², sedangkan kelimpahan terendah ditemukan adalah N. violacea dengan nilai 0,022 ind/m². Hasil analisis korespondensi menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara karakteristik sedimen dan beberapa spesies gastropoda, namun faktor lingkungan lain juga diduga berperan dalam memengaruhi distribusi gastropoda.

Mangrove ecosystems are important habitats for various gastropod species whose distribution is influenced by environmental conditions. This study aimed to determine the composition and abundance of gastropods and to analyze the relationship between sediment characteristics and gastropod distribution in the mangrove ecosystem of Pulau Panjang, Banten. The study was conducted at three sampling stations with different sediment characteristics. The results showed that six gastropod families comprising eight species were recorded, namely Potamididae (Terebralia palustris and Terebralia sulcata), Muricidae (Chicoreus capucinus), Littorinidae (Littoraria articulata), Ellobiidae (Cassidula nucleus and Cassidula plecotrematoides), Neritidae (Nerita violacea), and Cerithiidae (Cerithidea bifasciata). The highest abundance was observed in T. palustris with the highest value of 1.578 ind/m². The lowest abundance was recorded for N. violacea with a value of density 0.022 ind/m². Correspondence Analysis indicated that sediment characteristics were associated with several gastropod species; however, other environmental factors were also suggested to influence gastropod distribution.