Isolasi Bacillus Spp. dari Sampel Tanah

Abstract

Bacillus merupakan salah satu genus bakteri yang berasal dari famili Bacillaceae. Bacillus spp. dikenal karena kemampuannya untuk bertahan terhadap kondisi ekstrem seperti suhu atau asam melalui pembentukan endospora dan memiliki kelimpahan yang tinggi di tanah. Tingginya potensi Bacillus spp. melalui kemampuan endosporanya dalam bertahan terhadap kondisi ekstrem dan kelimpahan Bacillus spp. yang luas di tanah, menarik perhatian peneliti untuk mengisolasi dan menguji isolat Bacillus spp. yang berasal dari sampel tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan koloni isolat yang diambil memiliki karakter bentuk sel mikroskopik batang, hasil pewarnaan Gram yaitu Gram positif, dan hasil pewarnaan endospora yang positif menghasilkan lapisan endospora. Uji hemolitik agar darah menunjukkan hasil yang beragam, namun hanya isolat BB 4.2 yang tidak menunjukkan aktvitas hemolitik. Oleh karena itu, isolat BB 4.2 menunjukkan sifat non-patogenik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, isolat BB 4.2 menunjukkan potensi terbesar sebagai isolat yang dapat diteliti lebih lanjut dibandingkan isolat lainnya dalam penelitian.

Bacillus is a genus of bacteria belonging to the family Bacillaceae. Bacillus spp. are well known for their ability to survive extreme conditions such as high temperatures or acidic environments through the formation of endospores, as well as for their high abundance in soil. Due to the strong potential of Bacillus spp. stemming from their endospore-forming ability which enables survival under extreme conditions and their widespread abundance in soil, researcher have shown great interest in isolating and characterizing Bacillus spp. isolates obtained from soil samples. The results of the study revealed that the colonies of the isolated strains exhibited the following microscopic characteristics: rod-shaped (bacillary) cells, Gram-positive staining, and positive endospore staining showing a distinct endospore layer. Hemolytic activity on blood agar showed varied results among the isolates; however, only isolate BB 4.2 displayed no hemolytic activity. Therefore, isolate BB 4.2 is considered non-pathogenic. Based on the research findings, isolate BB 4.2 demonstrates the greatest potential as a candidate for further investigation and development compared to other isolates that being used in the research.