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dc.contributor.advisorFarajallah, Achmad
dc.contributor.advisorMadang, Kodri
dc.contributor.authorPratiwi, Intan Ratu
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-19T04:30:31Z
dc.date.available2026-01-19T04:30:31Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172130
dc.description.abstractSumatra Selatan memiliki ekosistem perairan tawar, yaitu rawa banjiran yang berpotensi mendukung keanekaragaman udang air tawar. Namun, informasi mengenai keragaman, dan persebaran udang air tawar di wilayah ini masih sangat terbatas. Identifikasi secara morfologi sering kali menghadapi kendala akibat karakter-karakter penting taksonomi tersembunyi atau yang tidak dapat dibedakan, cryptic species. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan molekuler seperti DNA barcoding diperlukan untuk melengkapi karakter morfologi guna mendapatkan data yang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman, dan persebaran habitat udang air tawar di Sumatra Selatan dengan mengintegrasikan pendekatan morfologi dan DNA barcoding. Koleksi sampel dilakukan di enam daerah aliran sungai (DAS) di Sumatra Selatan, yaitu DAS Sungai Komering, DAS Sungai Musi, DAS Sungai Ogan, DAS Sungai Leko, DAS Sungai Lematang, dan DAS Sungai Mesuji. Penentuan lokasi sampel menggunakan metode convenience sampling yang dilanjutkan dengan road sampling. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan hand net dan perangkap (bubu). Selain itu, dilakukan pengukuran faktor lingkungan berupa pH, suhu (°C), tipe substrat, tipe arus saat pengambilan sampel dan vegetasi. Identifikasi spesimen berdasarkan kunci identifikasi yang meliputi, carapace, rostrum, pereiopod, pleopod, abdomen, uropod, dan telson. Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi gen COI dan 28S rRNA menggunakan PCR, diikuti dengan sekuensing dan perhitungan jarak genetik Kimura-2-Parameter yang kemudian melakukan rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan metode Maximum Likelihood. Hasil identifikasi morfologi menemukan sembilan spesies (delapan dari genus Macrobrachium dan satu dari genus Caridina) dengan total 322 individu. Berdasarkan DNA barcoding hanya mengonfirmasi lima spesies secara konsisten: M. lanchesteri, M. rosenbergii, M. sintangense, M. cf. pilimanus, dan C. propinqua. Berdasarkan hasil integrasi morfologi dan DNA barcoding yang mengindikasikan adanya variasi morfologi intraspesies yang tinggi pada spesies M. sintangense. empat spesies yang diidentifikasi secara morfologi sebagai M. idae, M. lar, M. equidens, dan M. cf. nipponense ternyata bergabung dalam satu clade dengan M. sintangense. Spesies-spesies tersebut tersebar di berbagai habitat termasuk rawa banjiran, sungai, irigasi, dan danau, dan spesies M. lanchesteri menunjukkan sebaran paling luas. Selain itu juga, secara konsisten morfologi dan DNA barcoding mengidentifikasi adanya kemungkinan M. cf. pilimanus merupakan spesies baru dalam kompleks M. pilimanus. Temuan ini mengungkapkan kompleksitas taksonomi dan potensi keberadaan subtle species ataupun variasi morfologi yang signifikan pada udang air tawar di Sumatra Selatan.
dc.description.abstractSouth Sumatra has freshwater ecosystems, namely floodplain habitats, that can support a diverse range of freshwater prawns and shrimp. However, information on the diversity and distribution of freshwater shrimp in this region remains very limited. Morphological identification often faces challenges due to hidden or indistinguishable taxonomic characters, such as cryptic species. Therefore, molecular approaches such as DNA barcoding are needed to complement morphological characters and provide accurate data. This study aims to identify the diversity and distribution of habitats of freshwater prawns and shrimp in South Sumatra by integrating morphological and DNA barcoding approaches. Sample collection was conducted in six river watersheds in South Sumatra, namely the Komering River Basin, Musi River Basin, Ogan River Basin, Leko River Basin, Lematang River Basin, and Mesuji River Basin. Sampling sites were selected using a convenience sampling approach, followed by road sampling. Specimens were collected using hand nets and traps (bubu). In addition, environmental parameters were measured at each sampling site, including pH, temperature (°C), substrate type, water current type at the time of sampling, and vegetation. Morphological identification was conducted using identification keys based on the carapace, rostrum, pereiopods, pleopods, abdomen, uropods, and telson. Molecular identification was performed through DNA extraction, PCR amplification of the COI and 28S rRNA genes, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis using the Maximum Likelihood method, with genetic distance estimated using the Kimura two-parameter model. Morphological identification results found nine species (eight from the genus Macrobrachium and one from the genus Caridina) with a total of 322 individuals. Based on DNA barcoding, only five species were consistently confirmed: M. lanchesteri, M. rosenbergii, M. sintangense, M. cf. pilimanus, and C. propinqua. Based on the results of the integration of morphology and DNA barcoding, which indicated the presence of high intraspecific morphological variation in the species M. sintangense. Four species identified morphologically as M. idae, M. lar, M. equidens, and M. cf. nipponense were found to be combined in a single clade with M. sintangense. These species are distributed in various habitats, including floodplain, rivers, irrigation canals, and lakes. The species M. lanchesteri exhibits the widest distribution. In addition, consistent morphology and DNA barcoding suggest that M. cf. pilimanus may be a new species within the M. pilimanus complex. These findings reveal the taxonomic complexity and the potential existence of subtle species or significant morphological variations in freshwater shrimp in South Sumatra.
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dc.language.isoid
dc.publisherIPB Universityid
dc.titleBiodiversitas Udang Air Tawar di Sumatra Selatanid
dc.title.alternativeBiodiversity of Freshwater Prawn and Shrimp in South Sumatra
dc.typeTesis
dc.subject.keywordUdang air tawarid


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