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      Evaluasi Efektivitas Penggunaan Tepung Daun Gedi dalam Pakan terhadap Performa dan Kesehatan Puyuh Petelur

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Septiadi, Aldi
      Sumiati
      Wardiny, Tuty Maria
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      Abstract
      Kesadaran masyarakat yang semakin meningkat terhadap pentingnya kesehatan telah memengaruhi preferensi mereka terhadap makanan, termasuk dalam pemilihan sumber protein hewani. Salah satu sumber protein tersebut adalah telur puyuh, yang dikenal memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi. Telur puyuh memiliki nilai gizi yang tinggi, namun tingkat produksinya masih rendah dan menempati peringkat keempat dari lima komoditas telur prioritas di Indonesia. Untuk meningkatkan preferensi masyarakat terhadap telur puyuh, diperlukan inovasi produk berupa telur puyuh yang tidak hanya bergizi, tetapi juga mengandung nilai kesehatan tambahan. Untuk menghasilkan telur puyuh yang lebih sehat, potensi sumber daya lokal di Indonesia dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal, salah satunya adalah tanaman gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.). Tanaman ini dikenal kaya akan senyawa fitokimia seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan beta-karoten yang memiliki berbagai manfaat kesehatan, seperti antibakteri, antioksidan, dan antiinflamasi. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut berpotensi mendukung kesehatan puyuh dan meningkatkan kualitas telur yang dihasilkan. Tanaman gedi memiliki potensi yang tinggi, tetapi pemanfaatannya dalam pakan puyuh serta pengaruhnya terhadap performa, kualitas telur, status fisiologis, dan kesehatan pencernaan belum banyak dieksplorasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai pemanfaatan gedi sebagai bahan pakan alternatif menjadi langkah penting dalam pengembangan telur puyuh yang bernilai tambah dan berbasis sumber daya lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan 200 ekor puyuh petelur berumur 6 minggu yang dipelihara dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun gedi (TDG) dalam ransum. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0: pakan tanpa TDG (kontrol), P1: pakan mengandung 1% TDG, P2: pakan mengandung 2% TDG, P3: pakan mengandung 3% TDG, dan P4: pakan mengandung 4% TDG. Peubah yang diamati meliputi performa produksi, kualitas fisik telur, profil asam lemak, kolesterol darah, kandungan nutrien telur, profil serum darah, histopatologi jejunum, status antioksidan, serta cemaran mikroba pada telur dan ekskreta puyuh. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey untuk melihat perbedaan antarperlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L.) pada taraf 4% dalam pakan mampu meningkatkan kadar polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) telur melalui senyawa bioaktif tanaman gedi dan mampu meningkatkan kesehatan puyuh melalui peningkatan high-density lipoprotein (HDL) darah, penurunan low-density lipoprotein (LDL) darah dan malondialdehid (MDA) darah serta menjaga kesehatan histopatologi jejunum puyuh, tanpa memengaruhi performa, kualitas fisik telur, dan profil serum darah namun belum mampu menurunkan MDA telur dan kolesterol telur.
       
      The growing public awareness of the importance of health has influenced people’s preferences toward food, including their choice of animal protein sources. One of these sources is quail eggs, which are known for their high nutritional value. Although quail eggs are rich in nutrients, their production rate remains low, ranking fourth among the five prioritized egg commodities in Indonesia. To increase consumer preference for quail eggs, product innovation is needed in the form of quail eggs that are not only nutritious but also provide additional health benefits. To produce healthier quail eggs, the potential of local resources in Indonesia can be optimally utilized, one of which is the gedi plant (Abelmoschus manihot L.). This plant is known to be rich in phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and beta-carotene, which possess various health-promoting properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. These compounds have the potential to support quail health and improve egg quality. The gedi plant holds great potential, but its use in quail feed and its effects on performance, egg quality, physiological status, and digestive health have not been widely explored. Therefore, studying the use of gedi as an alternative feed ingredient is an important step in developing value-added quail eggs based on local resources. This study used 200 laying quails aged six weeks, arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications, to evaluate the effect of gedi leaf meal use in the diet. The treatments consisted of P0: diet without gedi leaf meal (control), P1: diet containing 1% gedi leaf meal, P2: diet containing 2% gedi leaf meal, P3: diet containing 3% gedi leaf meal, and P4: diet containing 4% gedi leaf meal. The observed parameters included production performance, egg physical quality, fatty acid profile, blood cholesterol, egg nutrient content, blood serum profile, jejunal histopathology, antioxidant status, and microbial contamination in eggs and feces. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test to determine differences among treatments. The results of this study showed that the use of 4% gedi leaf meal (Abelmoschus manihot L.) in the diet increased the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content of quail eggs through the bioactive compounds of gedi leaves and improved quail health by increasing blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, reducing blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and maintaining healthy jejunal histopathology, without affecting performance, egg physical quality, or blood serum profile. However, it was not yet able to reduce egg MDA and cholesterol levels.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172012
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      • MT - Animal Science [1304]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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