Pemanfaatan Adsorben Serbuk Kulit Singkong dan Kulit Pisang dalam Menurunkan Kadar COD dan Zat Warna pada Limbah Batik

Abstract

Industri batik menghasilkan limbah cair dengan kadar zat warna dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisik karbon aktif dari limbah kulit singkong, kulit pisang, dan campurannya (KPS), serta efektivitasnya menurunkan kadar COD dan zat warna pada limbah batik cair. Pembuatan karbon aktif melalui proses karbonisasi, aktivasi kimia, kemudian uji adsorpsi dengan variasi massa 3g dan 5g. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif KPS memiliki karakteristik fisik terbaik dengan kadar air 7,8% dan kadar abu 4,9%, yang memenuhi standar SNI 06-3730-1995. Efektivitas penurunan kadar COD tertinggi diperoleh pada karbon aktif kulit pisang sebesar 46,5% pada massa 3g, sedangkan penurunan kadar zat warna tertinggi adalah karbon aktif kulit pisang sebesar 34% pada massa 5g. Variasi massa adsorben tidak berpengaruh signifikan, namun pada karbon aktif KPS penambahan massa meningkatkan penurunan COD dan zat warna, sehingga kombinasi adsorben berpotensi memberikan kinerja yang lebih stabil dan efektif.

The batik industry produces liquid waste with high levels of dyes and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) that have the potential to pollute the environment. This study aims to identify the physical characteristics of activated carbon from cassava peel, banana peel, and their mixture (KPS) waste, as well as its effectiveness in reducing COD and dye levels in liquid batik waste. Activated carbon was made through a carbonization process, chemical activation, and then adsorption tests with variations in mass of 3g and 5g. The results showed that KPS activated carbon had the best physical characteristics with a water content of 7.8% and ash content of 4.9%, which met the SNI 06-3730-1995 standard. The highest COD reduction effectiveness was obtained in banana peel activated carbon at 46.5% at a mass of 3g, while the highest reduction in dye levels was obtained in banana peel activated carbon at 34% at a mass of 5g. Variations in adsorbent mass did not have a significant effect, but in KPS activated carbon, increasing mass increased the reduction in COD and dye, so that the combination of adsorbents has the potential to provide more stable and effective performance.