View Item 
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Undergraduate Theses
      • UT - Faculty of Agricultural Technology
      • UT - Agroindustrial Technology
      • View Item
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Undergraduate Theses
      • UT - Faculty of Agricultural Technology
      • UT - Agroindustrial Technology
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      Desain Proses Produksi Ekstrak Kaliks Rosella di UG Technopark

      Thumbnail
      View/Open
      Cover (7.812Mb)
      Fulltext (7.852Mb)
      Lampiran (7.649Mb)
      Date
      2025
      Author
      Maulana, Aksan
      Sailah, Illah
      Metadata
      Show full item record
      Abstract
      Universitas Gunadarma Technopark (UG Technopark) adalah kawasan terpadu yang mengembangkan teknologi, manajemen, pendidikan, dan bisnis, dengan fokus pada Agroecoedutourism, termasuk Agrotechnopark. Agrotechnopark berfokus pada pengembangan pertanian berbasis teknologi, seperti pasca panen, peternakan, dan perikanan. Salah satu tanaman yang dibudidayakan adalah rosella, yang kaya antioksidan, antosianin, dan asam organik, sehingga berpotensi besar di industri. Namun untuk saat ini, produk berbasis rosella yang telah dikembangkan oleh UGTP terdiri dari produk selai rosella dan teh celup rosella. Padahal, kaliks rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) merupakan salah satu sumber potensial senyawa bioaktif, terutama antosianin dan fenolik yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan sekaligus pewarna alami. Sehingga. diperlukan pengembangan produk baru demi memperbanyak lini produk yang dimiliki UG Technopark. Pengembangan produk ini bertujuan untuk mendukung diversifikasi produk dan hilirisasi hasil panen rosella, sekaligus menawarkan alternatif pewarna alami yang lebih aman dibandingkan pewarna sintetis. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup pendekatan desain keteknikan sistematis, mulai dari eksplorasi masalah, pendefinisian kebutuhan, pengembangan ide, pembuatan prototipe, hingga validasi. Metode ekstraksi yang terpilih untuk digunakan adalah cair-padat berbantu suhu 52,50 ± 2,50oC dan pengadukan 200 rpm menggunakan pelarut aquades. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik untuk rendemen ekstrak diperoleh dari penggunaan kaliks kering dengan rasio pelarut 1:15, yang menghasilkan rendemen ekstrak mencapai 56,64 ± 2,63% dengan kadar air 76,39 ± 2,17% pada skala laboratorium. Namun, analisis kualitas bioaktif mengungkapkan bahwa kaliks segar dengan rasio yang sama menghasilkan kadar total fenolik tertinggi, yaitu 74,20 ± 0,41 mg GAE/g, dan kadar antosianin total sebesar 11,18 ± 0,01 mg/L. Uji stabilitas pigment terhadap suhu tinggi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak dari kaliks segar dengan rasio 1:15 memiliki stabilitas terbaik, dengan persentase degradasi warna terendah pada suhu 80°C (24,29 ± 0,80%) dan 120°C (29,10 ±1,40%). Penentuan konfigurasi proses optimal dilakukan melalui analisis matriks keputusan berbobot dengan mempertimbangkan parameter rendemen, kadar air, kadar antosianin, dan stabilitas warna. Berdasarkan bobot yang disesuaikan dengan mitra, kaliks kering dengan rasio pelarut 1:15 terpilih sebagai alternatif terbaik dengan skor 0,899. Optimasi proses lebih lanjut melalui penambahan pendingin balik berhasil menekan loss massa selama ekstraksi dari 6,10% menjadi 0,77%. Validasi proses melalui penggandaan skala dari 50 gram menjadi 500 gram membuktikan konsistensi hasil tanpa perbedaan signifikan, yang mengindikasikan skalabilitas rancangan proses yang baik.
       
      UG Technopark is an integrated complex dedicated to developing technology, management, education, and business, with a focus on Agroecoedutourism, including an Agrotechnopark. The Agrotechnopark concentrates on technology-based agricultural development, such as post-harvest handling, livestock, and fisheries. One of the cultivated plants is roselle, which is rich in antioxidants, anthocyanins, and organic acids, giving it significant potential for various industries. Currently, the roselle-based products developed by UGTP are limited to roselle jam and roselle tea bags. However, the roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a potential source of bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins and phenolics, which function as antioxidants and natural colorants. Therefore, new product development is necessary to diversify UG Technopark's product lines. This product development aims to support the diversification of roselle-based products and the downstream processing of the harvest, while also offering a safer alternative to synthetic dyes. The methodology employed a systematic engineering design approach, encompassing problem exploration, requirement definition, idea development, prototype creation, and validation. The selected extraction method was temperature- and agitation-assisted solid-liquid extraction using aquades as the solvent. Analysis results indicated that the optimal treatment for extract yield was obtained using dried calyces with a 1:15 solvent ratio, yielding 56,64 ± 2,63% with a moisture content of 76,39 ± 2,17% at the laboratory scale. However, bioactive quality analysis revealed that fresh calyces with the same ratio produced the highest total phenolic content, 74,20 ± 0,41 mg GAE/g, and total anthocyanin content, 11,18 ± 0,01 mg/L. Pigment stability tests under high temperatures showed that the extract from fresh calyces with a 1:15 ratio had the best stability, with the lowest color degradation percentages at 80°C (24,29 ± 0,80%) and 120°C (29,10 ±1,40%). The determination of the optimal process configuration was conducted using a weighted decision matrix analysis, considering yield, moisture content, anthocyanin content, and color stability parameters. Based on weights assigned by the partner, where yield was given the highest priority (50%), dried calyces with a 1:15 solvent ratio were selected as the best alternative with a score of 0.899. Further process optimization using a reflux condenser successfully reduced mass loss during extraction from 6.10% to 0.77%. Process validation through scale-up from 50 grams to 500 grams demonstrated consistent results without significant differences, indicating good process scalability.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171744
      Collections
      • UT - Agroindustrial Technology [4353]

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository
        

       

      Browse

      All of IPB RepositoryCollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

      My Account

      Login

      Application

      google store

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository