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      Pengaruh Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) dalam Sistem Tanam Polikultur terhadap Komunitas Fitonematoda pada Budi Daya Mentimun

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Meilady, Ghilman
      Supramana
      Munif, Abdul
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      Abstract
      Fitonematoda atau nematoda parasit tumbuhan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama penyakit pada tanaman budi daya, dengan potensi menyebabkan kehilangan hasil sebesar 20-40% setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh tanaman marigold (Tagetes erecta) dalam sistem tanam polikultur terhadap populasi fitonematoda dan pertumbuhan mentimun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan IPB, Pasir Sarongge, Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Percobaan dilakukan pada polybag 25 liter berisi tanah lahan pertanian terinfestasi fitonematoda. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan, yaitu kombinasi polikultur marigold dan mentimun (P1, P2, P3 dan P4): kontrol negatif (K-) tanpa marigold dan kontrol positif (K+) dengan aplikasi nematisida fluopyram dengan lima ulangan. Nematoda diekstraksi dari tanah menggunakan metode flotasi-sentrifugasi dan dari sampel akar menggunakan metode mist chamber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa polikultur dengan marigold menurunkan populasi Meloidogyne spp. hingga setara dengan perlakuan fluopyram, terutama pada perlakuan dengan kepadatan marigold yang lebih tinggi. Namun, penekanan terhadap Rotylenchulus spp. tidak konsisten, dan pada beberapa kasus marigold diduga berperan sebagai inang alternatif. Tanaman mentimun pada perlakuan marigold umumnya menunjukkan pertumbuhan lebih baik dibandingkan kontrol, dengan performa terbaik pada kepadatan marigold satu tanaman per polybag. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa marigold berpotensi sebagai pengendali biologis fitonematoda dalam sistem budidaya mentimun berkelanjutan.
       
      Plant-parasitic nematodes (phytonematodes) are among the leading causes of disease in cultivated crops and can reduce yields by 20–40% annually. This study aimed to determine the effect of marigold (Tagetes erecta) in a polyculture (intercropping) system on phytonematode populations and cucumber growth. The experiment was conducted at the IPB Experimental Farm, Pasir Sarongge, Cianjur, West Java, using 25 litre polybags filled with naturally infested agricultural soil. A completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and five replicates was employed: four marigold–cucumber polyculture combinations (P1, P2, P3 and P4), a negative control (K-: cucumber without marigold), and a positive control (K+: cucumber treated with the nematicide fluopyram). Nematodes were extracted from soil by the flotation-centrifugation method and from roots using a mist chamber. Polyculture with marigold reduced Meloidogyne spp. populations to levels comparable to the fluopyram treatment, particularly at higher marigold densities. However, suppression of Rotylenchulus spp. was inconsistent, and in some instances marigold likely functioned as an alternative host. Cucumber plants grown with marigold generally exhibited better growth than the controls, with the best performance at a density of one marigold plant per polybag. Marigold shows potential as a biological control agent in sustainable cucumber cultivation.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171712
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      • UT - Plant Protection [2514]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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