Analisis Kelayakan Usaha dan Kontribusi Hutan Rakyat terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani di Desa Cibuluh Kabupaten Subang

Abstract

Hutan rakyat berperan meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Kabupaten Subang memiliki hutan rakyat seluas 27.888,51 ha yang berpotensi besar untuk dikembangkan. Desa Cibuluh sebagai wilayah dataran tinggi memanfaatkan lahannya dengan menanam kayu, buah-buahan, dan tanaman semusim, namun manfaat ekonominya masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kelayakan usaha hutan rakyat serta kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap pemilik lahan hutan rakyat, dengan pemilihan responden menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling sebanyak 50 orang. Analisis kelayakan dilakukan menggunakan tiga kriteria finansial, yaitu Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan NPV aktual sebesar Rp6.867.255, BCR 1,23, dan IRR 16,09%, serta NPV proyeksi sebesar Rp23.541.783, BCR 1,76, dan IRR 23,35%, dengan demikian usaha hutan rakyat dinilai layak berdasarkan kriteria investasi. Namun, kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga hanya 11,94%, hal ini disebabkan oleh petani lebih memprioritaskan kegiatan pada sektor lain seperti pertanian, peternakan, dan usaha nonpertanian.

Community forests help improve the economic welfare of communities living near them. Subang Regency has community forests covering 27,888.51 ha, with great development potential. The village of Cibuluh, located in a highland area, uses its land to grow timber, fruits, and seasonal crops, but the economic benefits remain low. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of community forestry businesses and their contribution to farmers' household incomes. Data collection was conducted through interviews with community forest landowners, with respondents selected via stratified random sampling, totaling 50 participants. A feasibility analysis was conducted using three financial criteria: Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The results showed an actual NPV of IDR 6.867.255, a BCR of 1.23, and an IRR of 16.09%, as well as a projected NPV of IDR 23.541.783, a BCR of 1.76, and an IRR of 23.35%. Thus, community forestry businesses are considered feasible based on investment criteria. However, its contribution to household income is only 11.94%, as farmers prioritize activities in other sectors, such as agriculture, livestock, and non-agricultural businesses.