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      Penilaian Kriteria Keanekaragaman Hayati untuk Kawasan Berdampak Konservasi (Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures; OECM) Perikanan: Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Area Akses Perikanan (PAAP) Teluk Kolono, Sulawesi Tenggara

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Siregar, Amelia Fransiska
      Adrianto, Luky
      Zairion
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      Abstract
      Pengelolaan Area Akses Perikanan (PAAP) merupakan suatu skema pengelolaan perikanan berbasis masyarakat yang dalam kerangka OECM dituntut untuk mampu menunjukkan kontribusi nyata terhadap pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu : (1) Memetakan jejaring Social-Ecological System (SES) perikanan di PAAP Teluk Kolono, (2) Menilai kondisi keanekaragaman hayati perikanan berdasarkan kriteria C pada OECM di PAAP Teluk Kolono, (3) Merumuskan model kebijakan untuk strategi pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati perikanan di PAAP Teluk Kolono. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Agustus sampai dengan Oktober 2024 di Kawasan PAAP Teluk Kolono, Kecamatan Kolono Timur, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis deskriptif sistem sosial-ekologi (SENA), analisis atribut keanekaragaman hayati (biodiversity analysis), dan skenario model kebijakan untuk strategi pengelolaan terbaik (QNMs). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan sistem sosial-ekologi keanekaragaman hayati perikanan di kawasan PAAP Teluk Kolono terdapat 27 komponen (node) dan 45 hubungan (edge). Nilai degree tertinggi dimiliki oleh komponen dari resource unit (RU) baik dari nilai kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi ikan. Nilai yang sama juga dimiliki oleh terumbu karang. Nilai keanekaragaman hayati dengan mengadopsi kriteria C pada OECM, didapatkan bahwa nilai kelimpahan ikan rendah, nilai keanekaragaman ikan dalam kategori sedang , nilai keseragaman dalam kategori tinggi, nilai indeks dominansi ikan dalam kategori tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi yang artinya penyebaran merata. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pola pertumbuhan pada ikan target, didapatkan nilai b pada spesies Caranx Igobilins, spesies Lethrinus lentjan, spesies Siganus javus dan spesies Nemipterus furcosus menunjukan pola pertumbuhan allometrik negatif pada spesies ikan target. Berdasarkan status pemanfaatan, Least concern (LC) lebih mendominasi dan dianggap tidak terancam punah pada spesies ikan target tangkapan. Berdasarkan kriteria C dengan penilaian biodiversitas pada OECM, PAAP Teluk Kolono memiliki potensi dalam mendukung keanekaragaman hayati perikanan, meskipun dalam prespektif konservasi masih diperlukan upaya peningkatan agar fungsi ekosistem dan proses ekologi yang ada dapat lebih optimal. Skenario ideal dalam pengelolaan PAAP Teluk Kolono adalah terciptanya sistem regulasi dan pengawasan yang kuat, disertai dengan tingkat ancaman ekologis yang rendah pada skenario 2. Kombinasi ini mencerminkan kebijakan berjalan secara fungsional dan mampu menekan tekanan terhadap sumberdaya pesisir, sehingga mendukung tercapainya keberlanjutan jangka panjang bagi ekosistem dan masyarakat.
       
      The Fisheries Access Area Management (PAAP) is a community-based fisheries management scheme that, within the OECM (Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures) framework, is required to demonstrate a tangible contribution to biodiversity conservation. The objectives of this study were: (1) to map the Social-Ecological System (SES) network of fisheries in the PAAP Kolono Bay; (2) to assess the condition of fisheries biodiversity based on Criterion C of the OECM in PAAP Kolono Bay; and (3) to formulate a policy model for biodiversity management strategies in the area. The study was conducted from August to October 2024 in the PAAP Kolono Bay Area, East Kolono District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The analytical methods used included descriptive analysis of the social-ecological system (SENA), biodiversity attribute analysis, and policy scenario modeling for optimal management strategies (QNMs). The observation results of the social-ecological system of fisheries biodiversity in PAAP Kolono Bay identified 27 components (nodes) and 45 connections (edges). The highest degree value was found in the resource unit (RU) components, particularly in fish abundance, diversity, evenness, and dominance indices, as well as coral reef components. Based on biodiversity assessment adopting OECM Criterion C, fish abundance was categorized as low, fish diversity as moderate, evenness as high, and dominance indicated no dominant species, reflecting an even species distribution. Growth pattern analysis of target fish species revealed negative allometric growth for Caranx ignobilis, Lethrinus lentjan, Siganus javus, and Nemipterus furcosus. In terms of utilization status, most target species were classified as Least Concern (LC) and not considered threatened. Based on the biodiversity assessment under Criterion C of the OECM, PAAP Kolono Bay shows potential in supporting fisheries biodiversity, although from a conservation perspective, further improvement is needed to optimize ecosystem function and ecological processes. The ideal management scenario for PAAP Kolono Bay involves establishing a robust regulatory and monitoring system combined with a low level of ecological threat, as reflected in Scenario 2. This combination represents a functional policy framework capable of reducing pressure on coastal resources, thereby supporting the long-term sustainability of both the ecosystem and local communities.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171458
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      • MT - Fisheries [3193]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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