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      Pemanfaatan Sekam Padi dengan Penambahan Arang Tempurung Kelapa dalam Pembuatan Biopelet Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Dewi, Kania Mulyawati
      Hidiya, Miesriany
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      Abstract
      Kebutuhan energi yang terus meningkat di Indonesia mendorong pengembangan biopelet sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu biopelet berbahan dasar sekam padi dengan penambahan arang tempurung kelapa, serta mengidentifikasi kelebihan dan kekurangannya. Pembuatan biopelet dilakukan melalui tahapan pengayakan, pencampuran, pencetakan, dan pengeringan. Parameter yang diuji meliputi kerapatan, kadar air, kadar abu, zat terbang, karbon tetap, nilai kalor, dan laju pembakaran menggunakan metode ASTM dan SNI. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa biopelet P2 dengan komposisi 30% sekam padi dan 70% arang tempurung kelapa merupakan perlakuan paling optimal dengan kerapatan sebesar 0,61 g/cm3, kadar air 4,02%, kadar abu 6,70%, zat terbang 32,25%, karbon tetap 61,05%, nilai kalor 24,80 MJ/kg, dan laju pembakaran sebesar 17,76 g/menit. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa biopelet yang dihasilkan hampir seluruhnya memenuhi standar SNI 8675:2018 sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Hasil perhitungan harga pokok produksi (HPP) sebesar Rp5.848/kg dan harga jual sebesar Rp7.602/kg. Kelebihan biopelet terdapat pada efisiensi pembakaran optimal dan tidak mudah rapuh, serta kekurangannya pada kadar abu yang relatif tinggi.
       
      The increasing energy demand in Indonesia has encouraged the development of bio-pellets as a renewable energy source. This study aims to investigate the quality characteristics of rice husk-based bio-pellets with the addition of coconut shell charcoal and to identify their advantages and limitations. The bio-pellets were produced through sieving, mixing, molding, and drying processes. Tested parameters included density, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, and combustion rate using ASTM and SNI methods. The results showed that bio-pellet P2, with a composition of 30% rice husk and 70% coconut shell charcoal, was the most optimal treatment, with a density of 0,61 g/cm³, moisture content of 4,02%, ash content of 6,70%, volatile matter of 32,25%, fixed carbon of 61,05%, calorific value of 24,80 MJ/kg, and a combustion rate of 17,76 g/min. These values indicate that the produced bio-pellets almost entirely meet the SNI 8675:2018 standard as an alternative fuel. The calculated production cost (COP) was IDR 5.848/kg, with a selling price of IDR 7.602/kg. The advantages of the bio-pellets include optimal combustion efficiency and mechanical stability, while their limitation lies in the relatively high ash content.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171347
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      • UT - Environmental Engineering and Management [212]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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