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      Pembuatan Bioetanol Padat Berbahan Dasar Limbah Nasi Basi Sebagai Alternatif Penanganan Limbah

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      SUNNY, FERDIANSYAH
      Ridwan, Wonny Ahmad
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      Abstract
      Limbah nasi basi yang berasal dari rumah makan menjadi faktor permasalahan lingkungan karena belum adanya pemanfaatan yang berkelanjutan. Kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi pada nasi basi menjadikan potensi substrat untuk pembuatan bioetanol sebagai energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas glukosa limbah nasi, mengkonversi menjadi bioetanol dan menganalisis efektivitas bioetanol padat sebagai alternatif penanganan limbah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen kuantitatif yang meliputi tahap hidrolisis, fermentasi, distilasi bertingkat serta menggunakan variasi zat pemadat asam stearat dan beeswax yang diuji dengan water boiling test. Hasil etanol akhir sebesar 78% kemudian dicampurkan zat pemadat, asam stearat mendapatkan nilai kalor rata-rata 10.608 kkal/kg dan beeswax sebesar 7.356 kkal/kg keduanya memenuhi standar alkohol padat thailand. Pada uji densitas asam stearat mendapatkan hasil lebih tinggi dibanding beeswax sebesar 0,60 g/cm3. Kerapatan ini berpengaruh terhadap laju pembakaran hingga 8,1 kg/jam. Namun, asam stearat memiliki nilai kalor serta laju pembakaran yang tinggi pada uji efisiensi termal menunjukan hasil yang rendah sebesar 2,3% pada hasil tersebut menandakan komposisi zat pemadat dan bioetanol cair kurang optimal, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian selanjutnya.
       
      Stale rice waste from restaurants has become an environmental problem due to the lack of sustainable utilization. The high carbohydrate content in stale rice makes it a potential substrate for the production of bioethanol as a renewable energy source. This study aims to analyze the glucose content of rice waste, convert it into bioethanol, and analyze the effectiveness of solid bioethanol as a waste management alternative. The research method used is quantitative experimentation, which includes the stages of hydrolysis, fermentation, and fractional distillation, as well as using variations of solidifying agents, stearic acid and beeswax, which were tested with the water boiling test. he final ethanol yield of 78% was then mixed with a solidifying agent. Stearic acid achieved an average calorific value of 10,608 kcal/kg, and beeswax achieved 7,356 kcal/kg both meet the Thai solid alcohol standard. In the density test stearic acid yielded a higher result than beeswax at 0.60 g/cm³. This density affects the combustion rate which reached up to 8.1 kg/h. However, while stearic acid has a high calorific value and combustion rate, the thermal efficiency test showed a low result of 2.3%. This result indicates that the composition of the solidifying agent and liquid bioethanol is not optimal, thus requiring further research
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/171266
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