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      Respon Pembungaan Tiga Kultivar Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) pada Kondisi Suhu Tinggi

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Praja, Astrid Julia
      Sudarsono
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      Abstract
      Tanaman mentimun merupakan salah satu tanaman sayuran yang banyak diminati masyarakat Indonesia. Perubahan iklim yang terjadi akibat peningkatan suhu dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman pada fase vegetatif dan generatif, terutama proses pembungaan pada tanaman mentimun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari respon pembungaan tiga kultivar mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) pada kondisi suhu tinggi. Percobaan dilaksanakan di lahan (suhu rata-rata 31,98°C) dan greenhouse (suhu rata-rata 40,72°C) Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo IPB menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan tiga kultivar yaitu Vitani F1 (K1), Bandana F1 (K2), dan New Metavy F1 (K3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah bunga jantan, rasio kelamin bunga, fruit set, serta bobot brangkasan. Kultivar K2 memiliki karakter vegetatif dan jumlah bunga tertinggi, sedangkan K1 menunjukkan rasio bunga betina dan persentase fruit set lebih baik. Kultivar K3 menempati posisi menengah dengan keunggulan pada pembentukan bunga jantan pada kondisi suhu tinggi. Hasil ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan adaptasi kultivar terhadap cekaman panas, dimana K1 lebih unggul pada aspek reproduktif sedangkan K2 dan K3 lebih adaptif secara vegetatif. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya seleksi kultivar toleran suhu tinggi untuk menjaga produktivitas mentimun pada perubahan iklim.
       
      Cucumbers are one of the most popular vegetable crops in Indonesia. Climate change resulting from rising temperatures can impact plant growth during the vegetative and generative phases, particularly the flowering process in cucumbers. This study aimed to evaluate the flowering responses of three cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars under high temperature conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Leuwikopo Experimental Station, IPB, in open field (average temperature 31,98°C) and greenhouse (average temperature 40,72°C) conditions using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three cultivars: Vitani F1 (K1), Bandana F1 (K2), and New Metavy F1 (K3). The results showed that the environment significantly affected plant height, number of male flowers, sex ratio, fruit set, and biomass. Cultivar K2 exhibited the best vegetative character and produced the highest number of flowers, while K1 showed a higher female flower ratio and fruit set percentage. Cultivar K3 was intermediate, with an advantage in male flower formation under heat stress. These findings indicate differences in genotypic adaptation to high temperatures, with K1 being superior in reproductive aspects, whereas K2 and K3 were more adaptive vegetatively. This highlights the importance of selecting heat-tolerant cultivars to maintain cucumber productivity under climate change.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170918
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      • UT - Agronomy and Horticulture [7617]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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