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      Analisis Jaringan Penyebaran Hoaks Sains ‘City Lights di Proxima b’ di X Menggunakan Social Network Analysis

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Maharani, Arkania Safialuna
      Sartika, Ika
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini dibatasi pada data unggahan publik yang tersedia secara terbuka di platform X (sebelumnya dikenal sebagai Twitter), yang secara khusus memuat diskusi, komentar, atau interaksi yang berkaitan dengan hoaks “City Lights di Proxima b.” Ruang lingkup data yang dianalisis dibatasi pada periode waktu tertentu, yaitu saat isu ini pertama kali mencuat dan mengalami puncak viralitas hingga periode klarifikasi ilmiah mulai tersebar luas. Pemilihan waktu ini dimaksudkan agar analisis jaringan sosial yang dilakukan dapat merepresentasikan dinamika penyebaran informasi secara utuh dari fase awal hingga tanggapan publik pasca-hoaks. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif, dengan fokus utama pada pemetaan struktur jaringan komunikasi dan pola interaksi antar pengguna media sosial menggunakan metode Social Network Analysis (SNA). Melalui pendekatan ini, penelitian tidak menekankan pada eksplorasi makna simbolik, interpretasi pesan, atau pengalaman subjektif individu, melainkan pada kuantifikasi hubungan sosial dan identifikasi peran aktor kunci dalam penyebaran maupun klarifikasi hoaks. Metode SNA digunakan untuk mengukur dan memvisualisasikan keterhubungan antar akun melalui parameter seperti degree centrality, betweenness centrality, Closeness Centrality, dan eigenvector centrality. Metrik ini memungkinkan peneliti untuk mengidentifikasi akun yang memiliki peran dominan, baik sebagai penyebar utama, penghubung antar kelompok, maupun penguat arus informasi dalam jaringan. Batasan ini ditetapkan untuk menjaga fokus dan konsistensi metodologis penelitian, sehingga analisis yang dilakukan tetap berada dalam koridor kuantitatif berbasis data relasi (edges) dan entitas (nodes), tanpa menyentuh aspek kognitif, psikologis, atau motivasional dari masing-masing pengguna yang terlibat. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran makro mengenai struktur dan dinamika penyebaran hoaks sains di media sosial secara objektif dan terukur.
       
      This study is limited to publicly available posts on the social media platform X (formerly known as Twitter),specifically those containing discussions, comments, or interactions related to the hoax "City Lights on Proxima b." The scope of the data analyzed is confined to a specific time frame, namely from the initial emergence and peak virality of the hoax to the period when scientific clarifications began to circulate widely. This timeframe was selected to ensure that the Social Network Analysis captures the full dynamics of information dissemination from the early phase of misinformation to the public’sresponse afterthe hoax was debunked. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, with a primary focus on mapping the structure of communication networks and interaction patterns among social media users using the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method. This approach emphasizes the quantification of social relationships and the identification of key actors in the spread and clarification of the hoax, rather than exploring symbolic meanings, message interpretations, or individual subjective experiences. The SNA method is used to measure and visualize the interconnectedness between accounts through metrics such as degree centrality, betweenness centrality, Closeness Centrality, and eigenvector centrality. These metrics enable the researcher to identify accounts that play dominant roleswhether as primary spreaders, connectors between groups, or amplifiers of information flow within the network. These limitations were established to maintain methodological focus and consistency, ensuring the analysis remains within a quantitative paradigm based on relational data (edges) and entities ( nodes), without delving into cognitive, psychological, or motivational aspects of the users involved. As such, this study aims to provide an objective and measurable macro-level overview of the structure and dynamics of science hoax dissemination on social media.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170832
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