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      Pemanfaatan Alga Hijau (Chlorophytta) untuk Fikomining Emas dari Tailing Tambang Emas

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      ANI, DESI FITRI
      Hamim
      Ariyanti, Nunik Sri
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      Abstract
      Pertambangan emas menghasilkan produk sisa berupa tailing dalam jumlah yang sangat besar. Penumpukan tailing emas menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan karena mengandung logam berat dalam konsentrasi yang tinggi. Tailing masih mengandung emas meskipun dalam konsentrasi yang sangat rendah. Pemanfaatan alga dalam akumulasi emas atau yang dikenal sebagai fikomining emas, akan sangat bermanfaat jika diterapkan pada tailing. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon morfo-fisiologis Chlorella vulgaris dan Spirogyra sp., dan kemampuannya mengakumulasi emas pada tailing tambang emas. C. vulgaris dan Spirogyra sp. dikulturkan pada masing-masing media Blue Green 11 (full strenght) dan media Bold’s Basal (half strenght) selama 14 dan 9 hari dengan perlakuan tailing 0% (kontrol), 5%, 15%, 30%, serta 98,5 ppm Au (larutan emas murni). Perlakuan tailing emas menyebabkan penurunan laju pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil. Selain itu, C. vulgaris dan Spirogyra sp. mengalami stres lebih tinggi, ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kadar malondialdehid masing-masing (0,147 µmol/g dan 0,388 µmol/g) dan prolin (0,036 µg/mg dan 0,129 µg/mg). Kedua spesies alga mampu membentuk nanopartikel emas (AuNPs) pada perlakuan 98,5 ppm Au yang ditandai perubahan warna ungu. Secara keseluruhan, C. vulgaris lebih toleran terhadap stres akibat tailing dibandingkan Spirogyra sp., sehingga berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam fikomining.
       
      Gold extraction produces residual products in the form of tailings in very large quantities. The accumulation of gold tailings can lead to environmental pollution due to the presence of heavy metals with high concentrations. Tailings actually still contain gold, albeit at very low concentrations. The use of algae for gold accumulation which is known as gold phycomining would be very beneficial if the tailings can be utilized. This study aimed to analyze the morpho-physiological responses of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirogyra sp. as well as their ability to accumulate gold from gold mine tailings. C. vulgaris and Spirogyra sp. were cultured in Blue Green 11 (full-strength) and Bold’s Basal (half-strength) media for 14 and 9 days, respectively, with treatments of 0% tailings (control), 5%, 15%, 30%, and 98.5 ppm Au (pure gold solution). In addition, C. vulgaris and Spirogyra sp. exhibited higher stress, indicated by increased malondialdehyde (0,147 µmol/g dan 0,388 µmol/g) dan proline (0,036 µg/mg dan 0,129 µg/mg), respectively. Both algae produce gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) under the 98.5 ppm Au, indicated by a purple color change. Overall, C. vulgaris showed greater tolerant to tailing-induced stress compared to Spirogyra sp., highlighting its potential for phycomining applications.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170745
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