Uji Daya Hasil 82 Galur-Galur Harapan Padi Tipe Baru Generasi F6

Abstract

Peningkatan produksi padi di Indonesia menghadapi berbagai kendala, antara lain disebabkan penurunan areal lahan pertanian, alih fungsi lahan, kompetisi pemanfaatan lahan, dan degradasi kesuburan lahan. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan galur padi yang memiliki daya hasil yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan menguji keragaan 82 galur padi sawah IPB generasi F6 serta identifikasigalur yang memiliki potensi hasil dan karakter agronomi yang baik. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2024 hingga Maret 2025 di Kebun Percobaan Sawah Baru, Desa Babakan, Kecamatan Dramaga, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan augmented kelompok lengkap teracak dengan faktor berupa genotipe sebanyak 82 galur uji dan 8 varietas pembanding dengan 6 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut t-Dunnett. Hasil menunjukan bahwa karakter lebar daun bendera, jumlah anakan produktif dan panjang malai memiliki nilai korelasi positif terhadap hasil produktivitas padi. Selain itu terdapat 13 galur potensial untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut karena memiliki hasil rata-rata produktivitas diatas 6 ton ha-1 dan berbeda nyata dengan minimal satu varietas pembanding. Galur IPB201-F-697 memiliki produktivitas tertinggi diantara galur-galur lainnya dengan hasil 6,83 ton ha-1. Galur-galur tersebut berpotensi dikembangkan pada tahap uji lanjutan dan uji multilokasi.

Rice production in Indonesia faces various challenges, including a decline in agricultural land area, land-use conversion, competition in land utilization, and degradation of soil fertility. Therefore, the development of high-yielding rice lines is urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 82 lines from F6 generation lowland rice lines developed by IPB and to identify lines with high yield potential and favorable agronomic traits. The experiment was conducted from September 2024 to March 2025 at the Sawah Baru Experimental Field, Babakan Village, Dramaga Subdistrict, Bogor District, West Java. The study employed an augmented randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a single factor consisting of 82 test lines and eight check varieties, replicated six times. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by t-Dunnett’s test. The results showed that flag leaf width, number of productive tillers, and panicle length had a positive correlation with rice yield productivity. In addition, thirteen lines demonstrated potential for further development, as they had average yields exceeding 6 tons ha?¹ and showed significant differences compared to at least one check variety. Among them, the line IPB201-F-697 exhibited the highest productivity, with a yield of 6.83 tons ha?¹. These lines have the potential to be advanced to subsequent yield trials and multi-location evaluations.