STUDI KARAKTERISTIK KRANIOMETRIK SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO) DENGAN PEMELIHARAAN INTENSIF DAN SEMI INTENSIF DI PETERNAKAN RAKYAT INDRAMAYU

Abstract

Sapi PO merupakan hasil persilangan dari sapi sumba ongole (SO) dengan sapi jawa sampai beberapa generasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membedakan ukuran (size) dan bentuk (shape) kepala sapi PO di peternakan Situbolang berdasarkan perbedaan sistem pemeliharaan semi-intensif dan intensif serta divisualisasikan dalam diagram kerumunan. Pengukuran permukaan kepala linear meliputi acrocranion-prosthion (X1), basion-prosthion (X2), mandibula length (X3), os frontale-mandibula (X4), tuber faciale kiri-kanan (X5), nasion-rhinion (X6), entorbitale kiri-kanan (X7), euryon kiri-kanan (X8) dan supraorbitale kiri-kanan (X9). Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis T 2 –Hotelling dan analisis komponen utama (AKU). Hasil T2-Hotelling menyatakan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05), kecuali pada Sapi PO semi intensif ? vs sapi PO intensif ? (P>0,05). Persamaan ukuran kepala sebesar 0,69X1+0,34X2+0,20X3+0,38X4+0,21X5+0,07X6+0,22X7+0,29X8 +0,22X9 dan persamaan bentuk kepala 0,41X1+0,14X2+0,53X3-0,49X4-0,31X5 -0,16X6-0,23X7-0,23X8-0,15X9. Penciri ukuran (size) dan Penciri bentuk (shape) adalah acrocranion-prosthion serta os frontale-mandibula.

The PO cattle were bred from crossbreeding between Sumba Ongole (SO) cattle and local Javanese cattle, which had been crossed over several generations. This study aimed to determine the head size and shape of PO cattle at Situbolang farm based on different systems, semi extensive and intensive, and then visualized the results in a scatter plot.. Measurement of the head surface included acrocranion-prosthion (X1 ), basion-prosthion (X2 ), mandibula length (X3 ), os frontale-mandibula (X4 ), left–right tuber faciale (X5 ), nasion-rhinion (X6 ), left– right entorbitale (X7 ), left–right euryon (X8 ), and left–right supraorbitale (X9 ). This research used T² Hotelling analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The T²Hotelling results indicated significant differences (P<0,05), except between semi extensive PO males and intensive PO males (P>0,05). The head size equation obtained is 0,69X1+0,34X2+0,20X3+0,38X4+0,21X5+0,07X6+0,22X7+ 0,29X8+0,22X9, and the head shape equation were 0,41X1+0,14X2+ 0,53X3-0,49X4 -0,31X5-0,16X6-0,23X7-0,23X8-0,15X9. The main characteristic size and shape were acrocranion-prosthion and mandibula length.