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      Kolonisasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular pada Rhizosphere Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di PT BCP Kebun Bumi Arjo

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      JOHARI, MUHAMAD RALBI
      Azhar, Aidil
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi populasi dan dominansi genus spora Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular serta tingkat infeksi FMA pada akar kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di lahan mineral dan gambut PT. BCP Kebun Bumi Arjo. Sampel tanah dan akar diambil dari dua kedalaman (top soil 0 – 30 cm dan sub soil 40 – 50 cm), kemudian dianalisis secara mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 10 jenis spora dari dua genus, yaitu Acaulospora dan Glomus, dengan dominansi Acaulospora, terutama pada tanah mineral. Kepadatan spora tertinggi ditemukan pada top soil tanah mineral, sedangkan terendah pada sub soil tanah gambut. Namun, tidak ditemukan infeksi FMA pada akar tanaman. Hal ini diduga disebabkan oleh tingginya kandungan fosfor tanah (27,03 ppm pada tanah mineral dan 16,05 ppm pada tanah gambut) yang dapat menekan kolonisasi FMA. Selain itu, faktor pH masam dan kondisi anaerob akibat kelembaban tinggi turut berkontribusi. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun populasi spora tinggi, infeksi akar tidak terjadi saat unsur hara fosfor tersedia melimpah di tanah.
       
      This study aimed to evaluate the population and dominance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi spore genera and their root infection rate on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in mineral and peat soils at PT BCP Kebun Bumi Arjo. Soil and root samples were taken from two depths (topsoil 0–30 cm and subsoil 40–50 cm) and analyzed microscopically. The results revealed 10 spore types from two genera, Acaulospora and Glomus, with Acaulospora being the dominant genus, particularly in mineral soil. The highest spore density was observed in mineral topsoil, while the lowest was in peat subsoil. However, no root infection by AMF was detected. This may be attributed to high soil phosphorus content (27.03 ppm in mineral soil and 16.05 ppm in peat), which can inhibit AMF colonization. Acidic pH and anaerobic conditions due to high moisture also likely contributed. These findings indicate that despite high spore populations, root infection does not occur when phosphorus availability in the soil is abundant.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170047
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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