Pemanfaatan Tandan Kosong dan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit sebagai Pupuk Organik pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Menghasilkan di Kebun Sei Lukut

Abstract

Kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas strategis penghasil minyak nabati. Pabrik kelapa sawit menghasilkan limbah tandan kosong (TKKS) dan limbah cair (POME). Limbah tersebut berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik dalam mendukung praktik budidaya kelapa sawit berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aplikasi TKKS dan POME untuk mengurangi kebutuhan pupuk anorganik, produktivitas tanaman, berat tandan buah segar (TBS), sex ratio bunga, jumlah tandan hitam, dan sifat kimia tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Sei Lukut, PT Surya Intisari Raya dengan metode observasi lapang, wawancara, kalibrasi lapangan, analisis statistik deskriptif, uji BNT dan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi TKKS dan POME mampu menurunkan kebutuhan pupuk anorganik masing-masing sebesar 67,43% dan 31,07%. Perlakuan TKKS dan POME tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sex ratio, janjang hitam, produktivitas, dan sifat kimia tanah. Produktivitas perlakuan TKKS: 23,84 ton/ha/tahun; POME: 24,74 ton/ha/tahun; dan kontrol: 24,40 ton/ha/tahun.

Oil palm is a strategic commodity for producing vegetable oil. Palm oil mills generate empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) as waste. These by-products have potential to be used as organic fertilizers to support sustainable oil palm cultivation practices. This study aims to evaluate the application of EFB and POME to substitute inorganic fertilizers needed, crop productivity, fresh fruit bunch (FFB) weight, flower sex ratio, number of black bunches, and soil chemical properties. The research was conducted in Sei Lukut Estate, PT Surya Intisari Raya by field observations, interviews, field calibration, descriptive statistical analysis, LSD and correlation test. The application of EFB and POME reduced inorganic fertilizers needed 67.43% and 31.07%, respectively. The empty fruit bunches and POME application are not significant effect on flower sex ratio, black bunch occurrence, productivity, and soil chemical properties. The productivity of EFB application 23.84 tons/ha/year and 24.74 tons/ha/year POME, and 24.40 tons/ha/year control.