Pengembangan Ekowisata Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch) di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak

Abstract

Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch) merupakan primata endemik Jawa terancam punah yang berhabitat di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak (TNGHS) tepatnya di Kampung Citalahab, menghadapi keterbatasan data perilaku dan pengetahuan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi perilaku, habitat, dan wilayah jelajah Owa Jawa, mengevaluasi pengetahuan konservasi masyarakat, serta merancang ekowisata berkelanjutan. Metode riset mencakup observasi lapangan tiga kelompok Owa Jawa (A, B, S) dengan scan sampling, ad libitum, Minimum Convex Polygon, dan analisis vegetasi, didukung survei kuesioner pada 50 responden. Hasil menunjukkan aktivitas Owa Jawa didominasi istirahat dan makan, dengan preferensi pohon pakan serta pola wilayah jelajah tumpang tindih untuk perencanaan ekowisata. Pengetahuan masyarakat konservasi Owa Jawa tergolong sedang, memerlukan edukasi. Perancangan ekowisata berbasis pengamatan primata diharapkan meningkatkan kesadaran konservasi dan memberi manfaat berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat TNGHS, berpotensi direplikasi.

The Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch), a critically endangered endemic primate of Java, inhabits Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS), specifically in Kampung Citalahab, faces limited behavioral data and community knowledge. This research aims to identify Javan Gibbon behavior, habitat, and home range, evaluate community conservation knowledge. Research methods included field observations of three Javan Gibbon groups (A, B, S) via scan sampling, ad libitum, Minimum Convex Polygon, and vegetation analysis, supported by a 50-respondent questionnaire survey. Results show Javan Gibbon activities are dominated by rest and feeding, with preferred food trees and overlapping home range patterns identified for ecotourism planning. Community knowledge regarding Javan Gibbon conservation is moderate, requiring further education. The designed primate observation-based ecotourism is expected to enhance conservation awareness and provide sustainable benefits for the TNGHS community, with replication potential.