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      Ketergantungan Sumber Daya Alam dan Kompleksitas Ekonomi: Studi Empiris Pada 17 Negara MENA

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Haq, Rayhan Aujri
      Irawan, Tony
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      Abstract
      Kawasan Middle East and North Africa (MENA) menunjukkan Economic Complexity Index (ECI) yang relatif rendah dibandingkan dengan sebagian besar negara berkembang lainnya. Berdasarkan beberapa studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa Kondisi ini sering dikaitkan dengan fenomena resource curse. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan sumber daya alam dan faktor lainnya terhadap ECI di 17 negara MENA selama 2005–2021 menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan two step System Generalized Method of (two step SYS-GMM). Hasil menunjukkan struktur ekonomi MENA sangat bergantung pada sektor ekstraktif, terutama minyak dan gas. Hasil estimasi mengindikasikan pendapatan sumber daya alam berpengaruh negatif terhadap ECI, sedangkan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) dan pembangunan manusia berpengaruh positif. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi indikasi resource curse dan menekankan perlunya diversifikasi ekonomi, peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, serta optimalisasi FDI ke sektor produktif.
       
      The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region exhibits a relatively low Economic Complexity Index (ECI) compared to most other developing countries. Previous studies have often linked this condition to the resource curse phenomenon. This study aims to analyze the impact of natural resource rents and other factors on ECI in 17 MENA countries over the period 2005–2021, employing descriptive analysis and the two step System Generalized Method of Moments (two step SYS-GMM) approach. The results indicate that the MENA region’s economic structure is highly dependent on extractive sectors, particularly oil and gas. The estimation findings suggest that natural resource rents have a negative effect on ECI, while Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and human development have positive effects. These findings confirm the indication of a resource curse and highlight the need for economic diversification, improvement in human capital quality, and optimization of FDI toward productive sectors.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169779
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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