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      Uji Performansi Biodiesel Metode Nonkatalitik dengan Penerapan Nozzle Fine Bubble pada Berbagai Laju Aliran Metanol

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Prasetya, Deo Iksan
      Wulandani, Dyah
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      Abstract
      Biodiesel adalah bahan bakar alternatif ramah lingkungan yang dihasilkan melalui reaksi esterifikasi antara minyak nabati atau lemak hewani dengan alkohol, seperti metanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh laju aliran metanol dan suhu terhadap efisiensi produksi biodiesel nonkatalitik dari Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) menggunakan reaktor kolom gelembung dengan nozzle. Reaksi dilakukan pada suhu 200°C dan 225°C, kemudian pada suhu 225°C dilakukan percobaan dengan variasi laju aliran metanol yang berbeda. Nozzle digunakan untuk membentuk fine bubble yang meningkatkan kontak antara superheated methanol dan PFAD, sehingga dapat mempercepat reaksi. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi volume biodiesel, yield, konsentrasi Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME), kadar Free Fatty Acid (FFA), laju produksi, dan konversi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu 225°C dengan laju aliran metanol 5g/min, biodiesel yang dihasilkan memiliki kualitas dan kuantitas terbaik, dengan massa FAME total sebesar 341,75 gram, penurunan FFA hingga 0,10%, dan laju produksi rata-rata 1,99 g/min. Yield tertinggi dicapai oleh eksperimen suhu 225°C laju aliran metanol 5g/min dengan nilai sebesar 71,13%, serta konversi tertinggi dicapai oleh eksperimen yang sama dengan nilai sebesar 96,19%. Hal ini menandakan bahwa kombinasi suhu tinggi dan penggunaan laju aliran metanol yang lebih tinggi terbukti meningkatkan performa bubble column reactor dengan nozzle fine bubble. Kata kunci : biodiesel, esterifikasi, fine bubble, nozzle, superheated methanol
       
      Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly alternative fuel produced through the esterification reaction of vegetable oils or animal fats with alcohol, such as methanol. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying methanol flow rates and reaction temperatures on the efficiency of non-catalytic biodiesel production from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) using a bubble column reactor, with a fine bubble nozzle. The reactions were carried out at 200°C and 225°C, then when the experiment was conducted on 225°C there is a varying rate of the methanol flow rates. The nozzle was used to generate fine bubbles, enhancing contact between superheated methanol and PFAD, thereby accelerating the reaction. Key parameters analyzed include biodiesel volume, yield, Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) concentration, Free Fatty Acid (FFA) reduction, production rate, and conversion. The results showed that at 225°C with a methanol flow rate of 5 g/min, the highest biodiesel quality and quantity were obtained, with a total FAME mass of 341.75 grams, FFA reduction to 0.10%, and an average production rate of 1.99 g/min. The highest yield, 71.13%, was achieved under experiment of 225°C with 5g/min of methanol flow rates, under the same condition the conversion rate was 96.19%. These findings indicate that the combination of higher temperature and increased methanol flow significantly improves the performance of the bubble column reactor equipped with a fine bubble nozzle. Keywords: biodiesel, esterification, fine bubble, nozzle, superheated methanol
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169688
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3593]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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