Pengujian Jumlah Bibit Per Lubang Tanam Pada Varietas Padi Tipe Baru (TPB) IPB 12S, IPB 13S, IPB 14S, Dan IPB 15S

Abstract

Salah satu faktor budidaya yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas PTB yaitu penentuan variasi jumlah bibit per lubang tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari budidaya yang optimum pada varietas PTB IPB 12S, IPB 13S, IPB 14S, dan IPB 15S, terutama pada variasi jumlah bibit per lubang tanam. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sawah Baru menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktor tunggal yaitu jumlah bibit per lubang tanam dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas 1 bibit, 2 bibit, 3 bibit, dan 4 bibit. Hasil analisis sidik ragam pada penelitian ini menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata pada taraf 1% terhadap karakter Panjang Daun Bendera (PDB) varietas IPB 12S. Perlakuan berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 5% terhadap umur berbunga, Jumlah Gabah Total (JGT) per malai, dan produktivitas varietas IPB 14S. Hasil uji Bartlett menunjukkan hasil data homogen pada seluruh karakter pengamatan keempat varietas PTB yaitu tinggi tanaman, panjang batang, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang, lebar, dan sudut daun bendera, panjang malai, jumlah gabah total, hampa, dan bernas per malai, persentase gabah hampa, bobot 1000 butir, serta produktivitas. Hasil analisis ragam gabungan antar varietas menunjukkan faktor varietas berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 1% dan 5 % terhadap karakter produktivitas, tinggi tanaman, panjang batang, lebar dan sudut daun bendera, Jumlah Anakan Produktif (JAP), panjang malai, jumlah gabah total dan bernas per malai, serta bobot 1000 butir. Perlakuan berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 1% terhadap JAP, serta secara linier pada taraf 1% terhadap JAP dan JGT per malai. Interaksi antara varietas dan perlakuan berpengaruh nyata pada taraf 5% terhadap PDB. Varietas IPB 12S lebih efisien pada perlakuan 1 bibit dengan nilai produktivitas 5,679 ton ha-1 karena hasil antar perlakuan tidak saling berbeda nyata. Varietas IPB 13S dan IPB 15S lebih efisien pada perlakuan 2 dan 3 bibit dengan nilai produktivitas 5,578 ton ha-1 dan 5,153 ton ha-1 karena hasil antar perlakuan juga tidak saling berbeda nyata. Perlakuan 1 bibit pada varietas IPB 14S menunjukkan nilai produktivitas terendah di antara perlakuan lain yaitu 4,615 ton ha-1, sehingga saling berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan 2 dan 4 bibit per lubang tanam.

One of the appropriate cultivation factors to increase PTB productivity is determining variations in the number of seedlings per planting hole. This research aims to study the optimum cultivation of PTB varieties IPB 12S, IPB 13S, IPB 14S, and IPB 15S, especially on variations in the number of seeds per planting hole. The research was conducted at the Sawah Baru Experimental Farm using a single factor randomized complete group design, namely the number of seedlings per planting hole with three replications. The treatments consisted of 1 seedling, 2 seedlings, 3 seedlings, and 4 seedlings. The results of the analysis of variance in this study showed that the treatment had a very significant effect at the 1% level on the character of Flag Leaf Length (PDB) of IPB 12S variety. The treatment had a significant effect at the 5% level on flowering age, Total Grain Quantity (JGT) per panicle, and productivity of IPB 14S varieties. Bartlett’s test results showed homogeneous data results on all observation characters of the four PTB varieties namely plant height, stem length, number of productive tillers, length, width, and angle of flag leaves, panicle length, total number of grains, empty, and full per panicle, percentage of empty grains, weight of 1000 grains, and productivity. The results of the combined analysis of variance between varieties showed that the variety factor had a significant effect at the 1% and 5% levels on productivity characters, plant height, stem length, width and angle of flag leaves, number of productive tillers (JAP), panicle length, total and full grain per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. The treatments had a significant effect at the 1% level on JAP, and linearly at the 1% level on JAP and JGT per panicle. The interaction between varieties and treatments had a significant effect at the 5% level on PDB. The IPB 12S variety is more efficient in the 1 seedling treatment with a productivity value of 5,679 ton ha-1 because the results between treatments are not significantly different. The IPB 13S and IPB 15S varieties are more efficient in the 2 and 3 seedling treatments with productivity values of 5.578 ton ha-1 and 5.153 ton ha-1 because the results between treatments are also not significantly different. The 1 seedling treatment on the IPB 14S variety shows the lowest productivity value among other treatments at 4.615 ton ha-1, which was significantly different from the treatments of 2 and 4 seedlings per planting hole.