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      Formulasi Strategi Bersaing Lion Parcel Meruyung dalam Menghadapi Persaingan Bisnis pada Industri Jasa Ekspedisi

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Apriado, Albert
      Jahroh, Siti
      Hannan, Sufrin
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      Abstract
      Lion Parcel Meruyung merupakan salah satu unit bisnis di bawah naungan PT. Lion Express yang beroperasi di wilayah Meruyung, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Perusahaan ini bergerak di industri jasa ekspedisi pada segmen courier, express, parcel (CEP), sektor yang mengalami pertumbuhan signifikan seiring meningkatnya penetrasi e-commerce di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2023, nilai transaksi e-commerce nasional mencapai USD 53 miliar, menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu pasar terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Pertumbuhan ini mendorong lonjakan kebutuhan layanan logistik yang cepat, andal, dan berdaya saing tinggi. Meski demikian, Lion Parcel Meruyung menghadapi tingkat persaingan yang ketat dari pemain besar seperti JNE, J&T, dan Pos Indonesia, serta dari layanan alternatif yang disediakan oleh platform e-commerce seperti Shopee Express, Grab Express, dan Go Send. Lokasi strategis Meruyung yang berbatasan langsung dengan Jakarta dan Tangerang Selatan seharusnya menjadi keunggulan kompetitif, namun potensi ini belum sepenuhnya dioptimalkan untuk memperbesar pangsa pasar dan kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini dimulai sejak bulan Oktober 2024 – Januari 2025. Selajutnya, penelitian ini memiliki tiga tujuan utama. Pertama, menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi daya saing Lion Parcel Meruyung. Kedua, merumuskan strategi alternatif yang relevan dan dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kinerja. Ketiga, menentukan strategi prioritas yang mampu memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap efisiensi operasional, posisi kompetitif, dan keberlanjutan bisnis perusahaan di industri logistik. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara mendalam kepada lima responden, terdiri dari dua pihak internal, satu pakar industri logistik berpengalaman lebih dari sepuluh tahun, dan dua pelanggan aktif. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi literatur, laporan internal perusahaan, publikasi industri, dan sumber daring yang kredibel. Proses analisis mengacu pada tiga tahap formulasi strategi, yaitu tahap masukan (input stage), tahap pencocokan (matching stage), dan tahap pengambilan keputusan (decision stage). Tahap masukan melibatkan beberapa teknik analisis. Value Chain Analysis digunakan untuk memetakan aktivitas utama dan pendukung yang membentuk keunggulan kompetitif internal. PESTLE Analysis digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh faktor politik, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi, hukum, dan lingkungan terhadap bisnis. Porter’s five forces model diterapkan untuk memahami intensitas persaingan industri, kekuatan tawar pemasok dan pelanggan, potensi pendatang baru, serta ancaman produk substitusi. Selanjutnya, competitive profile matrix untuk menilai suatu organisasi dibandingkan dengan pesaing lainnya. Dari hasil analisis tersebut disusun internal factor evaluation (IFE) dan external factor evaluation (EFE) untuk menilai bobot serta peringkat setiap faktor strategis. Tahap pencocokan menggunakan SWOT matrix untuk mengombinasikan kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman menjadi strategi alternatif; internal-external (IE) matrix untuk memetakan posisi perusahaan dalam sembilan sel strategi; serta grand strategy matrix untuk mengidentifikasi arah pengembangan yang sesuai dengan kondisi pasar dan kekuatan bersaing. Tahap terakhir, pengambilan keputusan, menggunakan quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) untuk menilai daya tarik setiap strategi alternatif secara objektif dan menetapkan prioritas. Integrasi hasil SWOT, IE matrix, dan grand strategy matrix menghasilkan sepuluh strategi alternatif. Strategi ini mencakup pengembangan layanan express delivery, pembukaan hub baru untuk memperluas jangkauan instant delivery, penguatan sistem teknologi informasi berbasis QR-code, peningkatan kualitas SDM melalui pelatihan teknologi logistik, hingga penguatan kemitraan dengan pelaku e-commerce dan usaha kecil-menengah. Berdasarkan penilaian QSPM, tiga strategi prioritas dengan skor tertinggi adalah: Pengembangan layanan express delivery untuk meningkatkan kecepatan dan ketepatan pengiriman, memenuhi tuntutan pelanggan terhadap SLA (service level agreement) yang lebih singkat. Selanjutnya, penambahan hub untuk instant delivery yang bertujuan mempersingkat jalur distribusi, mengurangi waktu tempuh, dan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional di wilayah padat permintaan. Strategi terakhir yaitu program kemitraan terintegrasi dengan e-commerce yang meliputi integrasi sistem pengiriman, promosi bersama, dan penawaran layanan eksklusif bagi mitra strategis. Implementasi ketiga strategi ini diproyeksikan dapat memberikan manfaat langsung berupa peningkatan efisiensi operasional, penurunan biaya distribusi, peningkatan loyalitas pelanggan, serta penguatan citra merek. Lebih jauh, strategi ini juga berpotensi memperluas pangsa pasar Lion Parcel Meruyung di tengah persaingan yang semakin kompetitif. Kontribusi penelitian ini bersifat praktis dan akademis. Secara praktis, temuan memberikan kerangka strategi berbasis analisis komprehensif yang dapat dijadikan acuan manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Kerangka ini juga dapat direplikasi pada cabang-cabang Lion Parcel lainnya atau perusahaan logistik berskala menengah. Secara akademis, penelitian ini memperkaya literatur manajemen strategis di sektor jasa ekspedisi dengan memadukan metode analisis multi-tahap—mulai dari PESTLE hingga QSPM—untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi strategis yang evidence-based. Pendekatan ini menunjukkan bagaimana integrasi berbagai alat analisis dapat memberikan gambaran holistik bagi perusahaan dalam merumuskan strategi bersaing yang relevan dan berkelanjutan Lion Parcel lainnya guna menghadapi dinamika persaingan industri jasa ekspedisi ke depan.
       
      Lion Parcel Meruyung is one of the business units under PT. Lion Express operating in the Meruyung area, Depok City, West Java. The company is engaged in the courier, express, and parcel (CEP) segment of the logistics industry, a sector that has experienced significant growth in line with the increasing penetration of e-commerce in Indonesia. In 2023, the national e-commerce transaction value reached USD 53 billion, making Indonesia one of the largest markets in Southeast Asia. This growth has driven a surge in demand for fast, reliable, and highly competitive logistics services. However, Lion Parcel Meruyung faces intense competition from major players such as JNE, J&T, and Pos Indonesia, as well as from alternative services provided by e-commerce platforms such as Shopee Express, Grab Express, and Go Send. Meruyung's strategic location, which borders Jakarta and South Tangerang, should be a competitive advantage, but this potential has not been fully optimized to increase the company's market share and performance. This research began in October 2024 until January 2025. This research has three main objectives. First, to analyze the internal and external factors that affect the competitiveness of Lion Parcel Meruyung. Second, to formulate relevant and applicable alternative strategies to improve performance. Third, to determine priority strategies that can have a significant impact on operational efficiency, competitive position, and business sustainability in the logistics industry. The research approach used is qualitative, with primary data collected through in-depth interviews with five respondents, consisting of two internal parties, one logistics industry expert with over ten years of experience, and two active customers. Secondary data was obtained through literature studies, internal company reports, industry publications, and credible online sources. The analysis process refers to three stages of strategy formulation, namely the input stage, the matching stage, and the decision stage. The input stage involves several analytical techniques. Value Chain Analysis is used to map the primary and supporting activities that form internal competitive advantages. PESTLE Analysis is used to identify the influence of political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors on the business. Porter’s five forces model is applied to understand the intensity of industry competition, the bargaining power of suppliers and customers, the potential for new entrants, and the threat of substitute products. Next, a competitive profile matrix is used to assess an organization compared to its competitors. From the results of this analysis, an internal factor evaluation (IFE) and external factor evaluation (EFE) are compiled to assess the weight and ranking of each strategic factor. The matching stage uses the SWOT matrix to combine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats into alternative strategies; the internal-external (IE) matrix to map the company's position within the nine strategic cells; and the grand strategy matrix to identify the direction of development aligned with market conditions and competitive strengths. The final stage, decision-making, uses a quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) to objectively assess the attractiveness of each alternative strategy and set priorities. The integration of SWOT results, IE matrix, and grand strategy matrix produced ten alternative strategies. These strategies include developing express delivery services, opening new hubs to expand instant delivery coverage, strengthening QR-code-based information technology systems, improving human resource quality through logistics technology training, and strengthening partnerships with e-commerce players and small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on the QSPM assessment, the three priority strategies with the highest scores are: Developing express delivery services to improve delivery speed and accuracy, meeting customer demands for shorter SLAs (service level agreements). Next, adding hubs for instant delivery to shorten distribution routes, reduce travel time, and improve operational efficiency in high-demand areas. The final strategy is an integrated partnership program with e-commerce, including delivery system integration, joint promotions, and exclusive service offerings for strategic partners. The implementation of these three strategies is projected to provide direct benefits in the form of improved operational efficiency, reduced distribution costs, increased customer loyalty, and strengthened brand image. Furthermore, these strategies also have the potential to expand Lion Parcel Meruyung's market share amid increasingly competitive competition. The contribution of this research is both practical and academic. Practically, the findings provide a comprehensive analysis-based strategic framework that can serve as a reference for management in business decision-making. This framework can also be replicated in other Lion Parcel branches or medium-sized logistics companies. Academically, this research enriches the strategic management literature in the shipping services sector by combining multi-stage analysis methods—from PESTLE to QSPM—to generate evidence-based strategic recommendations. This approach demonstrates how the integration of various analytical tools can provide a holistic view for companies in formulating relevant and sustainable competitive strategies for Lion Parcel and others to address the dynamics of future competition in the freight forwarding industry.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169593
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      • MT - Business [4039]

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