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      Pengaruh Environment, Social and Governance terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan IDX ESGL dengan Variabel Moderasi Transformasi Digital

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Luhfhi, Gusti Aushaf Indra
      Mulyati, Heti
      Ermawati, Wita Juwita
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      Abstract
      Peran Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) dalam mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan telah menjadi pembahasan utama dalam banyak pertimbangan investasi saat ini. Namun dalam perkembangannya, ESG masih belum cukup untuk memberikan peningkatan yang signifikan. Untuk itu, Digital Transformation (DT) mulai digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja ESG. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ESG terhadap kinerja Perusahaan Indonesia Stock Exchange Environmental, Social, and Governance Leaders (IDX ESGL) dengan moderasi transformasi digital. Sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 45 perusahaan yang masuk dalam indeks IDX ESGL yang secara konsisten terdaftar dalam 5 periode evaluasi pada tahun 2019-2023. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan regresi data panel dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excel, Python dan Eviews 13. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ESG berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan yang diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA) dan Return on Equity (ROE), serta terhadap nilai perusahaan yang diukur menggunakan Tobin’s Q (TQ). Namun, variabel moderasi DT tidak memperkuat pengaruh ESG terhadap kinerja keuangan maupun nilai perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil regresi data panel, model tanpa moderasi (hanya ESG) menunjukkan bahwa model regresi terbaik adalah Random Effect Model (REM) untuk Model 1 (ROA), Model 2 (ROE), dan Model 3 (Tobin’s Q). Sementara itu, untuk model dengan moderasi DT, model regresi terbaik adalah Fixed Effect Model (FEM) untuk Model 4 (ROA) dan Model 6 (Tobin’s Q), serta REM untuk Model 5 (ROE).
       
      The role of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in influencing company performance has become a central topic in many investment considerations today. However, in its development, ESG alone has not been sufficient to deliver a significant improvement. Therefore, Digital Transformation (DT) has begun to be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of ESG. This study aims to analyze the effect of ESG on the performance of companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange Environmental, Social, and Governance Leaders Index (IDX ESGL), with digital transformation as a moderating variable. The sample consists of 45 companies that were consistently included in the IDX ESGL index over five evaluation periods from 2019 to 2023. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and panel data regression, with the aid of Microsoft Excel, Python, and EViews 13. The findings of this study indicate that ESG has a positive and significant impact on financial performance, as proxied by Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), as well as on firm value, as measured by Tobin’s Q (TQ). However, DT as a moderating variable does not strengthen the effect of ESG on financial performance or firm value. Based on the panel data regression results, the best-fitting model for the analysis without moderation (ESG only) is the Random Effect Model (REM) for Model 1 (ROA), Model 2 (ROE), and Model 3 (Tobin’s Q). Meanwhile, for models with DT as a moderator, the best-fitting models are the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) for Model 4 (ROA) and Model 6 (Tobin’s Q), and REM for Model 5 (ROE).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169361
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      • MT - Economic and Management [3180]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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