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      LCA pada Proses Pemeliharaan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Produktif Blok BMP dan Referensi di PT AT, Sumatera Selatan

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Jesika, Reni
      Agusta, Herdhata
      Rosalina, Yusi
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      Abstract
      Proses pemeliharaan tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) membutuhkan energi pada setiap tahapannya yang dapat menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Emisi GRK dapat diidentifikasi dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi dan membandingkan nilai dampak emisi GRK yang disebabkan oleh proses produksi kebun BMP dan kebun referensi pada setiap ton tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit menggunakan metode LCA, mengestimasi dan membandingkan nilai cadangan karbon dan sekuestrasi pada kebun kelapa sawit blok BMP dan blok referensi, serta membandingkan nilai dampak emisi dan sekuestrasi pada kebun kelapa sawit blok BMP dan blok referensi PT AT. Nilai emisi yang dihasilkan dari proses pemeliharaan tanaman kelapa sawit blok BMP dan blok referensi mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2023 ke tahun 2024. Rata-rata nilai emisi yang dihasilkan pada blok BMP lebih rendah dibandingkan blok referensi. Nilai estimasi cadangan karbon pada blok referensi lebih besar dibandingkan blok BMP dengan selisih rata- rata 1,48 ton C ha-1 tahun-1, namun tidak berbeda nyata pada Uji-T taraf 5%. Hasil perhitungan nilai estimasi sekuestrasi pada blok BMP lebih besar dibandingkan blok referensi dengan selisih sebesar 82,43 kg CO2-eq ha-1 tahun-1. Nilai hasil estimasi neraca karbon pada blok BMP dan blok referensi menunjukkan hasil yang positif, yang mana kemampuan dalam penyerapan karbon lebih banyak dari yang dilepaskan. Blok BMP memiliki neraca karbon lebih tinggi dibandingkan blok BMP dengan selisih sekitar 21,32 kg CO2-eq ha-1 tahun-1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan BMP meningkatkan kapasitas sekuestrasi karbon dan lebih efisien dalam menekan emisi, mendukung upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim. Implementasi BMP di seluruh lahan sawit berpotensi mengurangi emisi GRK.
       
      The maintenance of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations requires energy at each stage, which can result in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These emissions can be identified and analyzed using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. This study aims to estimate and compare the GHG emission impacts resulting from the production processes in BMP and reference oil palm plantation blocks per ton of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) using the LCA method; to estimate and compare the carbon stock and carbon sequestration values in the BMP and reference blocks; and to compare the emission and sequestration impacts between the BMP and reference blocks in PT AT. The GHG emissions resulting from the maintenance process of oil palm plantations in both BMP and reference blocks increased from 2023 to 2024. On average, the emissions from the BMP blocks were lower than those from the reference blocks. The estimated carbon stock in the reference blocks was higher than in the BMP blocks, with an average difference of 1,48 tons C ha-1 year-1, although the difference was not statistically significant based on the 5% T-test. The estimated carbon sequestration value in the BMP blocks was higher than in the reference blocks, with a difference of 82,43 kg CO2- eq ha-1 year-1. The estimated carbon balance results for both BMP and reference blocks were positive, indicating that carbon uptake exceeded carbon emissions. The BMP block had a higher carbon balance than the reference block, with a difference of approximately 21,32 kg CO2-eq ha-1 year-1. This suggests that the implementation of BMP enhances carbon sequestration capacity and is more efficient in reducing emissions, supporting climate change mitigation efforts. The widespread implementation of BMP across oil palm plantations has the potential to reduce GHG emissions significantly.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169268
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