Perancangan Proses Elektrokoagulasi untukPengolahan Air Limbah Produksi Industri Pelapisan Logam dan Galvanis

Abstract

Kegiatan produksi industri pelapisan logam dan galvanis menghasilkan airlimbah dengan kandungan logam berat dan senyawa kimia berbahaya yangberpotensi mencemari lingkungan. Penelitian akhir bertujuan merancang desainunit elektrokoagulasi dan RAB dari pembangunan unit elektrokoagulasi produksiindustri pelapisan logam dan galvanis. Metode yang digunakan meliputipengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, analisis debit air limbah, pemilihanteknologi pengolahan menggunakan skoring, penetapan unit-unit pengolahan,desain engineering, serta penyusunan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB). Unitelektrokoagulasi dirancang memiliki kapasitas 6 m³/hari, terdiri dari unit bakscreening, ekualisasi, elektrokoagulasi, klarifer lamella, filtrasi, dan penampunganakhir. Hasil pengolahan menunjukkan efisiensi tinggi dengan semua parameterpencemar seperti TSS, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, dan Ni berhasil memenuhi baku mutu. Totalbiaya pembangunan unit elektrokoagulasi sebesar Rp83,400,000 dan biayaoperasional sebesar Rp38,750,000. Unit elektrokoagulasi diterapkan untuk industripelapisan logam dan galvanis dengan hasil olahan yang aman dibuang ataudigunakan kembali. Rekomendasi pengembangan selanjutnya adalah penyusunan SOP pengoperasian dan tanggap darurat unit elektrokoagulasi.

The production activities of the metal coating and galvanizing industryproduce wastewater with heavy metal content and hazardous chemical compoundsthat have the potential to pollute the environment. This Final Project aims to designan electrocoagulation unit and RAB for the construction of an electrocoagulationunit for the production of the metal coating and galvanizing industry. The methodsused include primary and secondary data collection, wastewater discharge analysis,selection of processing technology using scoring, determination of processing units,engineering design, and preparation of the Cost Budget Plan (RAB). Theelectrocoagulation unit is designed to have a capacity of 6 m³/day, consisting of ascreening tank, equalization, electrocoagulation, lamella clarifier, filtration, andfinal storage units. The processing results show high efficiency with all pollutantparameters such as TSS, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Ni successfully quality standards. Thetotal cost of building the electrocoagulation unit is IDR 83,400,000 and theoperational cost is IDR 38,750,000 The electrocoagulation unit is applied to themetal coating and galvanizing industry with processed products that are safe todispose of or reuse. The next development recommendation is the preparation of SOP for the operation and emergency response of the electrocoagulation unit.