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      Metode Analisis dan Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Urban Heat Island: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Putri, Anggya Malidha
      Rohmawati, Fithriya Yulisiasih
      Hidayat, Rahmat
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      Abstract
      Fenomena Urban Heat Island (UHI) adalah peningkatan suhu di daerah perkotaan dibandingkan dengan daerah pedesaan di sekitarnya yang berdampak signifikan pada lingkungan dan kesejahteraan manusia. Untuk lebih memahami dinamika dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi intensitas UHI, penting untuk memetakan dan mengevaluasi pendekatan analisis yang digunakan dalam berbagai penelitian yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis dan mensintesis penelitian mengenai metode yang digunakan untuk menilai intensitas UHI serta variabel-variabel yang berkontribusi terhadap variasinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis (systematic literature review). Penelitian ini menganalisis literatur yang telah dipublikasi pada rentang tahun 2019-2023. Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode PRISMA dan kata kunci yang disusun berdasarkan PECO. Sebanyak 54 publikasi terpilih dianalisis, mengidentifikasi sebelas metode analisis, termasuk analisis spasio-temporal, korelasi, regresi, ANOVA, uji tren Mann-Kendall, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), dan teknik Machine Learning seperti Random Forest. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi UHI dikategorikan menjadi variabel meteorologi (angin, suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan, evapotranspirasi, albedo permukaan, dan radiasi matahari) dan variabel non-meteorologi (aktivitas antropogenik, penggunaan/penutupan lahan, populasi, produk domestik bruto, dan karakteristik struktural perkotaan). Musiman juga berperan penting, dengan intensitas UHI umumnya meningkat selama musim panas, meskipun lokasi geografis dan karakteristik kota menyebabkan pola yang bervariasi di berbagai wilayah. Polusi PM2.5 menunjukkan interaksi kompleks dengan UHI, berpotensi memperkuat atau mengurangi intensitasnya tergantung pada kondisi musiman dan atmosfer. Hasil tinjauan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai metode analisis dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap UHI.
       
      The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon is characterized by higher temperatures in urban areas compared to their surrounding rural environments, which poses significant impacts on the environment and human well-being. To better understand the dynamics and influencing factors of UHI intensity, it is essential to map and evaluate the analytical approaches employed across existing studies. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize research on the methods used to assess UHI intensity and the variables contributing to its variation. The method used in this research is a systematic literature review. This study analyzed published literature from 2019 to 2023. The literature search was conducted using the PRISMA method and keywords based on PECO. A total of 54 selected publications were analyzed, identifying eleven analytical methods, including spatiotemporal analysis, correlation, regression, ANOVA, the Mann-Kendall trend test, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and machine learning techniques such as Random Forest. Influencing factors are categorized into meteorological variables (wind, temperature, humidity, precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and solar radiation) and non-meteorological variables (including anthropogenic activities, land use/land cover, population, gross domestic product, and urban structural characteristics). Seasonality also plays a crucial role, with UHI intensity typically increasing during summer, although geographic location and urban characteristics lead to diverse patterns across regions. PM2.5 pollution exhibits a complex interaction with UHI, potentially amplifying or mitigating its intensity depending on seasonal and atmospheric conditions. The findings of this review are expected to provide a deeper understanding of UHI analytical methods and influencing factors.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/168706
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1718]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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