Dinamika Daya Saing Ekspor Minyak Kelapa Mentah (Crude Coconut Oil) Indonesia di Negara Tujuan Utama

Abstract

Perkembangan ekspor minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia di pasar dunia mengalami fluktuasi dengan tren menurun tetapi rerata pertumbuhannya positif mencapai 2,3% selama 2012-2023. Indonesia sebagai eksportir minyak kelapa mentah terbesar kedua dunia berpotensi menguasai pasar, tetapi masih menghadapi persaingan yang semakin ketat dengan negara kompetitor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia dalam menguasai pasar serta dinamika posisi daya saingnya di tiga negara tujuan utama, yaitu Malaysia, Belanda dan Amerika Serikat. Dengan metode Acceleration Ratio (AR), minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia memiliki potensi untuk menguasai pasar di Belanda dan Amerika Serikat. Selain itu, dengan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) menunjukkan bahwa minyak kelapa mentah Indonesia berdaya saing kuat di ketiga negara tujuan dengan cenderung berada pada posisi lagging retreat di pasar Malaysia, serta posisi leading retreat di pasar Belanda dan Amerika Serikat.

The development of Indonesia's crude coconut oil exports in the world market has fluctuated with a downward trend but the average growth has been positive reaching 2.3% during 2012-2023. Indonesia as the world's second largest crude coconut oil exporter has the potential to dominate the market, but still faces increasingly fierce competition with competitor countries. This study aims to analyze the potential of Indonesian crude coconut oil in dominating and the dynamics of its competitive position the market in three main destination countries, namely Malaysia, the Netherland and the United States. With the Acceleration Ratio (AR) method, Indonesian crude coconut oil shows a value of more than one which has the potential to control the market in the Netherlands and the United States. In addition, the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) methods show that Indonesian crude coconut oil is strongly competitive in the three destination countries with a tendency to be in a lagging retreat position in the Malaysian market, a leading retreat position in the Netherland and United States markets.