View Item 
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Agriculture
      • View Item
      •   IPB Repository
      • Dissertations and Theses
      • Master Theses
      • MT - Agriculture
      • View Item
      JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

      Introduksi Gen Fusi Cry1Ab-1Ac ke dalam Genom Tanaman Kedelai

      Thumbnail
      View/Open
      Cover (1.126Mb)
      Fulltext (2.082Mb)
      Lampiran (371.4Kb)
      Date
      2025
      Author
      SASMITA, NANDA ADYA
      Purwoko, Bambang Sapta
      Listanto, Edy
      Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
      Metadata
      Show full item record
      Abstract
      Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.) merupakan sumber utama protein dan minyak nabati penting secara global. Produksi kedelai di Indonesia terus menurun, sehingga kebutuhan dalam negeri masih bergantung pada impor. Salah satu faktor penyebab rendahnya produktivitas adalah serangan hama lepidoptera, Etiella zinckenella, yang menyebabkan kerusakan signifikan pada hasil panen. Upaya peningkatan ketahanan terhadap hama dapat dilakukan melalui strategi transformasi genetik dengan menyisipkan gen Cry1Ab-1Ac. Transformasi genetik pada kedelai umumnya dilakukan secara in vitro melalui kultur jaringan aseptik dan seleksi menggunakan antibiotik, namun pendekatan ini memiliki risiko stres fisiologis dan regenerasi rendah akibat tekanan seleksi. Transformasi dengan modifikasi berbasis meristem plumula dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif, di mana infeksi Agrobacterium tumefaciens dilakukan secara aseptik, namun regenerasi selanjutnya berlangsung di luar kultur jaringan tanpa seleksi antibiotik, sehingga dapat meningkatkan viabilitas eksplan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapat tanaman transforman dengan mengoptimasi media induksi tunas dan mengembangkan protokol transformasi genetik kedelai varietas ‘Grobogan’ dan ‘Wilis’ menggunakan eksplan plumula dan gen Cry1Ab-1Ac yang dibawa oleh A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Percobaan awal dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan media induksi tunas dengan lima taraf konsentrasi BAP (0, 0,25, 0,5, 0,75, dan 1 mg L?¹). Konsentrasi 1 mg L?¹ BAP memberikan hasil terbaik, dengan 85% eksplan membentuk tunas dengan rata-rata 3,6 tunas per eksplan. Percobaan kedua yaitu transformasi dilakukan dengan dua faktor: durasi infeksi (15 dan 30 menit) dan konsentrasi acetosyringone (100, dan 200 µM). Transformasi secara in vitro tidak menghasilkan eksplan positif PCR karena seluruh eksplan mengalami kematian setelah 28 hari seleksi menggunakan higromisin. Sebaliknya, transformasi dengan modifikasi menunjukkan persentase pemanjangan tunas hingga 67,5% dan efisiensi transformasi mencapai 17,5% pada perlakuan infeksi 30 menit dan 200 µM acetosyringone. Sebanyak 10–13 planlet putatif transgenik (generasi T0) terdeteksi positif melalui analisis PCR terhadap gen Cry1Ab-1Ac. Hasil pengamatan fenotipik menunjukkan bahwa tanaman transforman tidak menunjukkan perbedaan morfologis mencolok dibandingkan kontrol, baik pada fase vegetatif maupun generatif. Biji T1 yang berhasil diperoleh berjumlah satu dari ‘Grobogan’ dan 36 dari ‘Wilis’.
       
      Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is an important source of protein and vegetable oil. In Indonesia, soybean production has continued to decline, resulting in a high dependency on imports to meet domestic demand. One of the main constraints in increasing productivity is the attack of lepidopteran insects (Etiella zinckenella), which causes significant damage to crop yields. Enhancing resistance to these pests can be achieved through genetic transformation by introducing the Cry1Ab-1Ac gene. Genetic transformation in soybean is typically carried out in vitro using aseptic tissue culture and antibiotic-based selection. However, this method often leads to physiological stress and low regeneration rates due to selective pressure. As an alternative, a modified transformation using plumular meristem explants allows Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection under aseptic conditions, followed by regeneration outside of tissue culture systems without antibiotic selection, thereby improving explant viability. This study aimed to obtain transgenic plants by optimizing shoot induction media and developing a transformation protocol for the soybean varieties ‘Grobogan’ and ‘Wilis’ using plumular meristem explants and the Cry1Ab-1Ac gene carried by A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404. The first experiment was conducted to optimize shoot induction media using five concentrations of BAP (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg L?¹). The concentration of 1 mg L?¹ BAP gave the best results, with 85% of explants forming shoots and an average of 3.6 shoots per explant. The second experiment, transformation was performed using two factors: infection duration (15 and 30 minutes) and acetosyringone concentration (100 and 200 µM). The in vitro transformation approach failed to produce PCR-positive explants, as all explants died after 28 days of hygromycin selection. In contrast, the modified transformation showed a shoot elongation rate of up to 67.5% and a transformation efficiency of 17.5% under 30-minute infection and 200 µM acetosyringone treatment. A total of 10–13 putative transgenic plantlets (T0 generation) were PCR-positive for the Cry1Ab-1Ac gene. Phenotypic observations showed no noticeable morphological differences between the transformed plants and controls in both vegetative and generative stages. The T1 seeds were successfully obtained one from 'Grobogan' and 36 from 'Wilis'.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166971
      Collections
      • MT - Agriculture [3994]

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository
        

       

      Browse

      All of IPB RepositoryCollectionsBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionBy Issue DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

      My Account

      Login

      Application

      google store

      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
      All rights reserved
      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository