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      Produk Kosmetik Indonesia di Negara Tujuan Ekspor Utama: Performa Daya Saing dan Determinannya

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Ramdhani, Sarah Zahra
      Widyastutik
      Amaliah, Syarifah
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      Abstract
      Kosmetik Indonesia menjadi industri yang difokuskan untuk berorientasi ekspor. Namun tren ekspor menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang fluktuatif di negara tujuan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan determinan ekspor produk kosmetik Indonesia (HS 3304) ke 20 negara tujuan utama pada periode 2014–2023. Metode yang digunakan meliputi Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), Intra Industry Trade (IIT) index dan regresi data panel. Hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang dominan di negara mayoritas muslim dan kawasan Asia Tenggara, dimana Thailand memiliki indeks IIT yang sangat kuat. Melalui pendekatan EPD, ditemukan bahwa sebagian besar negara tujuan ekspor menempati posisi rising star, namun terdapat pula negara dengan posisi falling star, lost opportunity, dan retreat. Sedangkan regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa harga ekspor, indeks RCA, Technical Barrier to Trade berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai ekspor kosmetik Indonesia. Negara yang terlibat Free Trade Agreement (FTA) dengan Indonesia menunjukkan perbedaan nilai ekspor kosmetik Indonesia yang lebih tinggi. Sementara tidak terdapat cukup bukti untuk melihat perbedaan pada status negara mayoritas muslim.
       
      Indonesia's cosmetic industry has been designated as an export-oriented sector. However, export trends have shown fluctuating growth in major destination countries. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness and determinants export of Indonesian cosmetic products (HS 3304) to 20 main destination countries during the period 2014–2023. The methods employed include the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), Intra Industry Trade (IIT) index and panel data regression. The RCA analysis indicates that Indonesia holds a comparative advantage in Muslim-majority countries and the Southeast Asian region. Based on the EPD approach, most export destinations fall under the rising star category, although some countries are categorized as falling star, lost opportunity, or retreat. Panel data regression results show that export prices, RCA index, and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) have a positive and significant effect on the export value of Indonesian cosmetics. Countries engaged in Free Trade Agreements (FTA) with Indonesia exhibit significantly different export values. Meanwhile, there is insufficient evidence to confirm differences based on Muslim- majority country status.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166493
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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