Analysis of Bold-Shy Personality in Slow Lorises (Nycticebus spp.) at Yayasan Inisiasi Alam Rehabilitasi Indonesia (YIARI)

Abstract

Personality traits are patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that are relatively stable in different situations over time. In primates like slow lorises, two personality spectrums, — bold and shy — reflect variations in individual responses when interacting with their environment. This study aims to explore and identify the personality of 11 individuals of the Nycticebus spp. using a mirror as a novel object. Behavioral coding was employed, involving continuous focal sampling during three 15-minute sessions of Novel-Object Tests (NOT) over a period of five weeks. Behavioral durations were converted into personality scores, and statistical analysis was conducted using RStudio software (Shapiro-Wilk test, Bartlett's test, and t-test). Ten individuals exhibited bold personalities, characterized by high personality scores and proactive behavior, such as approaching and exploring the mirror. The boldest individual was Slash, who achieved the highest score (1.29). Meanwhile, the shy individual, Nia, showed more passive and defensive behavior with the lowest score (-0.10). This study also reveals significant differences in personality scores between males and females. The dynamics of personality scores across sessions suggest that previous experiences influenced behavioral responses to the novel object.

Kepribadian didefinisikan pola pikir, perasaan, dan perilaku individu yang relatif stabil dalam berbagai situasi sepanjang waktu. Pada primata seperti kukang, terdapat dua spektrum kepribadian, berani dan pemalu, mencerminkan variasi respon individu saat berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya. Studi ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi kepribadian 11 individu Nycticebus spp. menggunakan cermin sebagai objek baru. Pengodean perilaku dilakukanmelibatkan continuous focal sampling dalam tiga sesi 15 menit dan Novel-Object Test (NOT) selama lima minggu. Durasi perilaku dikonversi menjadi skor kepribadian dan analisis statistik dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak RStudio (uji Shapiro-Wilk, uji Bartlett’s, dan uji t-test). Sepuluh individu menunjukkan kepribadian berani ditandai dengan skor kepribadian tinggi dan perilaku proaktif seperti mendekati dan mengeksplorasi cermin. Individu paling berani adalah Slash, dengan skor tertinggi (1,29). Sementara itu, individu pemalu, Nia, menunjukkan perilaku yang lebih pasif dan defensif, dengan skor terendah (-0,10). Studi ini juga mengungkapkan perbedaan signifikan antara skor kepribadian dan jenis kelamin. Dinamika skor kepribadian antar sesi menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman sebelumnya memengaruhi respon perilaku terhadap objek baru.