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      Internalisasi Biaya Lingkungan pada IKM Batik: Studi Kasus IPAL Komunal di Kelurahan Jenggot Kota Pekalongan

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Hidayah, Naili
      Wijayanti, Pini
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      Abstract
      Industri batik di Kota Pekalongan mengalami pertumbuhan yang berdampak positif bagi perekonomian, termasuk di Kelurahan Jenggot, Kecamatan Pekalongan Selatan. Namun, hal tersebut juga menimbulkan eksternalitas negatif berupa limbah cair yang mencemari lingkungan. Pemerintah setempat sudah membangun IPAL komunal untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, tetapi kapasitas pengolahan saat ini belum ideal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis persepsi industri kecil menengah (IKM) batik terhadap manfaat IPAL Jenggot; (2) mengestimasi Willingness to Pay (WTP) IKM batik untuk biaya operasional IPAL Jenggot; dan (3) mengestimasi biaya operasional IPAL Jenggot agar IPAL beroperasi dengan ideal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan skala Likert, Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), regresi logistik, dan analisis biaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi IKM batik terhadap manfaat IPAL Jenggot bersifat positif, dengan skor tertinggi pada aspek ekonomi. Nilai rata- rata WTP IKM batik untuk IPAL Jenggot sebesar Rp27.407,00 per bulan per IKM. Jika IPAL dioperasikan pada kapasitas idealnya, biaya operasional yang dibutuhkan sebesar Rp8.944.520,00 per bulan. Pemerintah hanya perlu menanggung 51% dari biaya operasional 160 IKM apabila mereka berkontribusi dalam iuran IPAL. Internalisasi biaya lingkungan melalui skema iuran memungkinkan pengelolaan IPAL yang berkelanjutan dan efisien secara ekonomi.
       
      The batik industry in Pekalongan City, especially in Jenggot Subdistrict, has seen significant growth, positively impacting the economy. However, this has also resulted in wastewater pollution. In response, the local government established a communal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which currently has suboptimal treatment capacity. This study aims to: (1) analyze batik SMEs' perceptions of the Jenggot WWTP; (2) estimate their willingness to pay (WTP) for operational costs; and (3) calculate necessary operational costs to optimize the WWTP. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, the findings reveal that batik SMEs generally view the WWTP positively, particularly regarding economic benefits. The average WTP per SME is IDR 27,407.00 per month. To operate at ideal capacity, the WWTP needs IDR 8,944,520.00 monthly, requiring the government to cover 51% of costs with contributions from SMEs. Implementing a cost internalization scheme would promote sustainable and efficient WWTP management.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166265
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      • UT - Resources and Environmental Economic [2336]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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