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      Dampak Pendidikan, Kesehatan, dan Ekonomi Perempuan terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Vallma, Calysta
      Purnamadewi, Yeti Lis
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      Abstract
      Kemiskinan yang tinggi mencerminkan rendahnya kesejahteraan serta terbatasnya akses masyarakat terhadap pendidikan, kesehatan, dan pekerjaan yang layak. Meskipun tren kemiskinan di Indonesia cenderung menurun, kondisinya masih rentan terhadap guncangan eksternal, seperti pandemi COVID-19 yang sempat menyebabkan peningkatan angka kemiskinan. Perempuan merupakan kelompok yang paling terdampak oleh kemiskinan, namun juga memiliki peran strategis dalam penanggulangannya. Peningkatan akses perempuan terhadap pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga serta memutus rantai kemiskinan antar generasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi perempuan terhadap kemiskinan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah tipologi Klassen dan analisis ekonometrik menggunakan Fixed Effect Model (FEM) berdasarkan data panel dari 34 provinsi selama periode 2014–2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan dan kesehatan perempuan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan. Enam provinsi di kawasan timur dengan capaian pembangunan perempuan rendah dan kemiskinan tinggi menjadi daerah prioritas dalam kebijakan pembangunan perempuan untuk menurunkan kemiskinan.
       
      High levels of poverty reflect low welfare and limited public access to education, healthcare, and decent employment opportunities. Although the poverty trend in Indonesia has generally declined, the situation remains vulnerable to external shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to a temporary increase in poverty rates. Women are among the most affected groups by poverty, yet they also hold a strategic role in its alleviation. Improving women's access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities can enhance household welfare and break the cycle of intergenerational poverty. This study aims to examine the impact of women's education, health, and economic conditions on poverty levels in Indonesia. The methods used include the Klassen typology and econometric analysis using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM), based on panel data from 34 provinces during the period 2014–2022. The results show that women's education and health have a negative and significant effect on poverty, indicating that improvements in these areas can contribute to poverty reduction. Six provinces in the eastern region, characterized by low levels of women's development and high poverty rates, are identified as priority areas for gender-focused development policies to effectively reduce poverty.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/166098
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository