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      Peningkatan Akurasi Peta Zona Kerentanan Gerakan Tanah Melalui Perbandingan DEMNAS dan DEM Foto Udara

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Tamba, Dzaki Ihsaan
      Suharnoto, Yuli
      Putra, Heriansyah
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      Abstract
      Gerakan tanah yang berujung pada bencana longsor menjadi ancaman serius di Kabupaten Bogor, dengan 487 kejadian selama 2023. Sebagai upaya mitigasi, PVMBG menerbitkan Peta Zona Kerentanan Gerakan Tanah (ZKGT) menggunakan metode deterministik sesuai RSNI3 8291:2024 dengan data non survey. Alternatif data non survei adalah Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS) dengan resolusi spasial 8,25 m, namun resolusi spasial ini tergolong kecil sehingga interpretasi peta yang dihasilkan menjadi kurang representatif terhadap kondisi sebenarnya. Alternatif lainnya adalah penggunaan DEM hasil foto udara yang memiliki resolusi spasial hingga 1 cm. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan akurasi peta ZKGT menggunakan DEM hasil foto udara. Hasilnya, DEM foto udara menunjukkan perbedaan identifikasi zona kerentanan gerakan tanah dengan 64% wilayah tergolong dengan kerentanan sedang, 31% tinggi, dan 5% sangat tinggi, dari sebelumnya 71% sedang dan 29% tinggi menggunakan DEMNAS, total selisih persentase adalah 7%. Validasi berdasarkan titik longsor menunjukkan peningkatan akurasi DEM foto udara sebesar 26,32%, sedangkan validasi berdasarkan wilayah RT tidak menunjukkan perbedaan akurasi pada kedua peta yaitu sebesar 44,19%.
       
      Landslides triggered by ground movement have become a serious threat in Bogor Regency, with 487 incidents recorded in 2023. As a mitigation effort, PVMBG published the Landslide Susceptibility Zoning Map (ZKGT) using a deterministic method based on RSNI3 8291:2024 with non survey data. One of the data is National Digital Elevation Model (DEMNAS) with 8,25 cm resolution, this relatively coarse resolution limits the map's representativeness of actual conditions. Another alternative is the use of aerial photogrammetry derived DEMs, which can achieve spatial resolutions as fine as 1 cm. This study aims to improve the accuracy of the ZKGT map using aerial photo-derived DEM. The result shows that DEM from aerial photographs showed 64% area classified as moderate susceptibility, 31% as high, and 5% as very high compared to DEMNAS, which showed 71% moderate and 29% high susceptibility, resulting in a total percentage difference of 7%. Validation based on landslide points showed a 26,32% increase in accuracy for the aerial photo DEM, while validation based on neighborhood (RT) areas showed no difference in accuracy between the two maps, both at 44.19%.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165810
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      • UT - Civil and Environmental Engineering [1042]

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