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      Pengaruh Asimetris Emisi Karbon, Perkembangan Sektor Keuangan, dan Ketidakpastian Ekonomi terhadap Penerimaan Remitansi China

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Boty, Clarend Najmi
      Hakim, Dedi Budiman
      Nugraheni, Sri Retno Wahyu
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      Abstract
      Meningkatnya migrasi tenaga kerja internasional telah menjadikan remitansi sebagai sumber pendanaan eksternal yang penting bagi negara berkembang, termasuk China, yang secara konsisten berada di tiga besar penerima remitansi global. Sejak 1982, remitansi ke China meningkat signifikan, seiring bertambahnya migran, kemajuan teknologi transfer dana, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi domestik. Namun sejak 2019, alirannya menurun tajam, memunculkan pertanyaan tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya, khususnya faktor nonkonvensional seperti emisi karbon, perkembangan sektor keuangan, dan ketidakpastian ekonomi. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh asimetris ketiga faktor tersebut terhadap remitansi di China selama periode 1982–2023, menggunakan model Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) yang dapat mengidentifikasi hubungan asimetris jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan sektor keuangan berdampak asimetris dalam kedua jangka waktu, emisi karbon berdampak asimetris dalam jangka panjang, sementara ketidakpastian ekonomi berpengaruh simetris dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya mempertimbangkan dinamika asimetris dalam perumusan kebijakan untuk optimalisasi remitansi secara efektif dan berkelanjutan.
       
      The rise in international labor migration has positioned remittances as a crucial source of external financing for developing countries, including China, which has consistently ranked among the top three global recipients of remittances. Since 1982, remittance inflows to China have increased significantly, driven by a growing number of migrants, advancements in money transfer technology, and domestic economic growth. However, since 2019, these inflows have declined sharply, raising questions about the underlying determinants, particularly nonconventional factors such as carbon emissions, financial sector development, and economic uncertainty. This study examines the asymmetric effects of these three factors on remittance inflows to China over the period from 1982 to 2023, employing the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model, which captures both short run and long run asymmetric relationships. The results reveal that financial sector development exerts asymmetric effects in both the short run and the long run, carbon emissions have asymmetric impacts in the long run, while economic uncertainty shows symmetric effects in both time horizons. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for asymmetric dynamics in policy formulation aimed at optimizing remittance flows effectively and sustainably.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165730
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      • UT - Economics and Development Studies [3209]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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