Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Filamen Biokomposit Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Dengan Polypropylene Untuk Aplikasi 3d Printing
Abstract
Filamen biokomposit berbasis tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan
polypropylene (PP) sebagai bahan baku alternatif untuk aplikasi 3D printing. TKKS
digunakan sebagai bahan penguat (filler) dengan variasi ukuran partikel 80 dan 100
mesh serta konsentrasi 1%, 3%, dan 5%, sedangkan PP berfungsi sebagai matriks.
Filamen dibuat menggunakan mesin single-screw extruder dan dikarakterisasi
menggunakan uji tarik (tensile strength), elongation at break, Modulus Young, serta
analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
komposisi TKKS PP 80-1 memberikan kekuatan tarik tertinggi sebesar 42,7 MPa,
sementara elongation at break tertinggi sebesar 19,1 % diperoleh pada sampel PP
100-1. Hasil FTIR mengidentifikasi keberadaan gugus alifatik yaitu C–H, dan C
O yang menunjukkan bahwa TKKS berhasil terdispersi dalam matriks tanpa
membentuk ikatan kimia baru. Keseluruhan hasil membuktikan bahwa filamen
biokomposit PP-TKKS memiliki potensi sebagai bahan ramah lingkungan yang
kompetitif untuk aplikasi 3D printing. This research aimed to synthesize and characterize a biocomposite filament
made from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and polypropylene (PP) as an
alternative material for 3D printing applications. OPEFB was a natural filler with
two particle sizes (80 and 100 mesh) and three concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%),
while PP acted as the polymer matrix. The filament was fabricated using a single
screw extruder and evaluated through tensile testing, including tensile strength,
elongation at break, Young’s modulus, and functional group identification via
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated that the PP
80-1 OPEFB sample exhibited the highest tensile strength of 42.7 MPa, while the
PP 100-1 sample showed the highest elongation at break of 19.1 %. FTIR analysis
revealed the presence of aliphatic groups, C–H, and C–O bonds, suggesting that the
OPEFB filler was successfully dispersed in the PP matrix without forming new
chemical bonds. These findings confirm that the PP-OPEFB biocomposite filament
possesses desirable mechanical and chemical characteristics and has promising
potential as an eco-friendly alternative for 3D printing filament applications.
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