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      Analisis Gejala dan Patogen Penyebab Penyakit Daun pada Semai Durian (Durio zibethinus) di Persemaian Liang Anggang, Kalimantan Selatan

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Ahdan, Inda Rahmani
      Herliyana, Elis Nina
      Helbert
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      Abstract
      Durian (Durio zibethinus) merupakan tanaman bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Persemaian sebagai tempat untuk mempersiapkan bibit berkualitas untuk mendukung keberhasilan budidaya. Namun, dalam pelaksanaanya bibit durian rentan terserang patogen penyebab penyakit daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis gejala, menghitung kejadian dan keparahan penyakit tersebut, serta mengidentifikasi jenis patogen pada semai durian di Persemaian Permanen Liang Anggang, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode sensus dan skoring pada semai durian berumur 3-5 bulan untuk mengamati kejadian dan keparahan penyakit. Identifikasi jenis patogen dilakukan dengan Uji Postulat Koch. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua gejala penyakit, yaitu bercak dan hawar daun. Secara umum, kejadian penyakit sebesar 26,60% dan tingkat keparahan penyakit sebesar 12,29%, yang termasuk kategori ringan (R). Sedangkan, kejadian dan keparahan tertinggi pada petak 3 berturut-turut sebesar 63,31% dan 28,05%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa patogen yang menyebabkan penyakit bercak daun adalah Pestalotiopsis theae dan patogen yang menyebabkan penyakit hawar daun adalah Pestalotiopsis microspora.
       
      Durian (Durio zibethinus) is a high-value tree species widely cultivated in Indonesia. Nursery as a place to prepare quality seedlings to support the success of cultivation. However, durian seedlings are susceptible to pathogens that cause leaf disease. This study aims to analyze the symptoms, calculate the incidence and severity of the disease, and identify the type of pathogen in durian seedlings in Liang Anggang Permanent Nursery, South Kalimantan. The research was conducted using census and scoring methods on durian seedlings aged 3-5 months to observe the incidence and severity of the disease. Identification of pathogen species was done by Koch's Postulate Test. The results showed that there were two disease symptoms, leaf spot and blight. In general, disease incidence was 26.60% and disease severity was 12.29%, which was categorized as mild (R). Meanwhile, the highest incidence and severity in plot 3 were 63.31% and 28.05%, respectively. This study showed that the pathogen causing leaf spot was Pestalotiopsis theae and the pathogen causing leaf blight was Pestalotiopsis microspora.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165633
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