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      • UT - Agribusiness
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      Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Kakao di Indonesia

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Suci, Chika Amelia
      Putri, Tursina Andita
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      Abstract
      Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki peranan dalam perekonomian Indonesia sebagai penyumbang devisa, penyerapan tenaga kerja, dan bahan baku industri pengolahan serta posisi ketiga terbesar di dunia. Namun, produktivitas usahatani kakao masih rendah dan terus menurun seiring dengan penurunan produksi dan luas areal. Penurunan produktivitas diduga karena penggunaan input oleh petani yang masih belum efisien dan sumber inefisiensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi teknis usahatani kakao serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi inefisiensi teknis dengan menggunakan metode Stochastic frontier Analysis (SFA) dengan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Hasil penelitian dengan responden 134 petani menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produktivitas secara signifikan unsur N dan unsur P. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap inefisiensi teknis adalah pendidikan formal, pola dukungan LSM dan swasta, dan umur tanaman. Tingkat efisiensi teknis kakao di Indonesia memiliki rata-rata mencapai 63,6% yang dinilai masih belum efisien secara teknis dan masih memiliki potensi untuk ditingkatkan dengan memerhatikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produksi petani kakao di Indonesia.
       
      Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in the Indonesian economy as a contributor to foreign exchange, employment, and raw materials for the processing industry with the third largest in the world. However, cocoa farming productivity is still low and continues to decline along with a decrease in production and area. The decline in productivity is thought to be due to the inefficient use of inputs by farmers and the source of inefficiency. This study aims to analyze the technical efficiency of cocoa farming and identify factors that influence technical inefficiency using the Stochastic frontier Analysis (SFA) method with the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results of the study with 134 respondents showed that the factors that significantly affect productivity are nitrogen nutrient and phosphorus nutrient. Factors that significantly affect technical inefficiency are formal education, patterns of private support and NGOs, and plant age. The level of technical efficiency of cocoa in Indonesia has an average of 63,6%, which is still considered not technically efficient and has the potential to be improved by taking into account the factors that affect the production of cocoa farmers in Indonesia.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/165621
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      • UT - Agribusiness [4765]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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      Universitas Jember Digital Repository